Full Answer
When did Pedro de Peralta come to Mexico?
Pedro de Peralta, (born c. 1584, Spain—died 1666, Madrid), Spanish colonial official who established Santa Fe as the capital of New Mexico. Peralta arrived in Mexico City during the winter of 1608–09 following his university studies in Spain.
Was Don Pedro de Peralta a lawyer?
According to one source, Don Pedro de Peralta was a bachelor of canon law. A report of possessions found in his house after his arrest includes a law book. Peralta was appointed governor of New Mexico by the Viceroy, Luis de Velasco, marqués de Salinas on 31 March 1609, shortly after Peralta had arrived from Spain.
When did Hernan Peralta settle New Mexico?
In March 1609 the viceroy of Mexico appointed him to the post of governor of New Mexico; and, from April to October of that year, Peralta organized an expedition to that province. He evidently reached the colony’s San Gabriel settlement, which had served as the colonial capital, by the following spring.
Where did Peralta lay out the plan for Santa Fe?
Peralta and his men laid out the plan for Santa Fe at the base of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains on the site of the ancient Pueblo Indian ruin of Kaupoge, or "place of shell beads near the water."
What did Pedro de Peralta discover?
Pedro de Peralta, (born c. 1584, Spain—died 1666, Madrid), Spanish colonial official who established Santa Fe as the capital of New Mexico.
Who settled Santa Fe NM?
conquistador Don Pedro de PeraltaWhile Santa Fe was inhabited on a very small scale in 1607, it was truly settled by the conquistador Don Pedro de Peralta in 1609-1610.
Why did the Spanish settle in Santa Fe?
SANTA FE, NEW MEXICO The Spanish hoped that what we know as New Mexico would yield gold and silver, but the land produced little of value to them. In 1610, Spanish settlers established themselves at Santa Fe—originally named La Villa Real de la Santa Fe de San Francisco de Asís, or “Royal City of the Holy Faith of St.
Is Santa Fe the oldest city in the US?
Residents are primarily Hispanic, Anglo and Native American people. Situated at 7,000 feet in the foothills of the southern Rocky Mountains, Santa Fe is the highest and oldest capital in the U.S. Founded between 1607 and 1610, it's America's second oldest city. In 1912, New Mexico officially achieved statehood.
What's the oldest town in New Mexico?
Santa Fe is the oldest capital city in the United States and the oldest city in New Mexico. The meaning of Santa Fe is “holy faith” in Spanish. 2014 population was 68,298. The city was originally occupied by a number of Pueblo Indian villages with founding dates between 1050 to 1150.
Who lived in New Mexico first?
New Mexico was first settled ten millennia ago, by Pueblo Indians who built cities and sophisticated irrigation systems. Pueblo ruins are found throughout the state.
Who were the first Spanish settlers in New Mexico?
Reports of the fabled Seven Golden Cities of Cíbola brought the first European explorers into New Mexico in 1540, led by the Spanish adventurer Francisco Vásquez de Coronado.
What was the most important early Spanish settlement in New Mexico?
Peralta was told that San Gabriel, the capital, was too far removed from the centers of population so in 1610 he founded Villa Nueva de Santa Fe. This was the first Spanish settlement in New Mexico and it became the focus of most activity during the seventeenth century.
Why is Santa Fe called Santa Fe?
The name “Santa Fe” literally translated from Spanish means “holy faith”. The full name when founded was “La Villa Real de la Santa Fe de San Francisco de Asis”- translated means “The Royal Town of the Holy Faith of St. Francis of Assisi”.
What are the 5 oldest cities in the US?
10 Oldest Cities in the U.S.St. Augustine, Florida (1565) ... Jamestown, Virginia (1607) ... Santa Fe, New Mexico (1607) ... Hampton, Virginia (1610) ... Kecoughtan, Virginia (1610) ... Newport News, Virginia (1613) ... Albany, New York (1614) ... Jersey City, New Jersey (1617)More items...•
Can you drink the water in Santa Fe?
“The report details the monitoring and source water protection that is performed to ensure that the City of Santa Fe's water supply is safe to drink and meets all state and federal drinking water standards,” said Alex Puglisi, Environmental Compliance Officer, for the Public Utilities Department.
What is the oldest town in USA?
St. AugustineSt. Augustine, founded in September 1565 by Don Pedro Menendez de Aviles of Spain, is the longest continually inhabited European-founded city in the United States – more commonly called the "Nation's Oldest City."
What Indian tribes lived in Santa Fe?
Although the Apache and Navajo Nations have both left their mark on New Mexico, the Pueblo people are the most prevalent near Santa Fe. In fact, their tribal communities are among the oldest in the nation.
What native land is Santa Fe on?
From that beginning, La Villa Real de la Santa Fe was made up of colonists from Spain, Mexico, France, Greece, and Portugal. There were also Africans and many “Indios Méxicanos” whose displacement may have begun in captivity, but lived as free men and women.
Who lived in Santa Fe before it was founded?
The area of Santa Fe was originally occupied by indigenous Tanoan peoples, who lived in numerous Pueblo villages along the Rio Grande. One of the earliest known settlements in what today is downtown Santa Fe came sometime after 900 CE.
How did Santa Fe New Mexico begin?
Founded in 1610 by Governor Don Pedro de Peralta, it was named Villa Real de la Santa Fé de San Francisco de Asis (Spanish: “Royal City of the Holy Faith of St. Francis of Assisi”) and developed around a central plaza.
When did Peralta arrive in Mexico?
Peralta arrived in Mexico City during the winter of 1608–09 following his university studies in Spain. In March 1609 the viceroy of Mexico appointed him to the post of governor of New Mexico; and, from April to October of that year, Peralta organized an expedition to that province. He evidently reached the colony’s San Gabriel settlement, which had served as the colonial capital, by the following spring. He then moved the capital to another settlement, which became known as Santa Fe.
Who challenged Peralta's authority as governor of New Mexico?
Peralta’s authority as governor of New Mexico was challenged by the Franciscan missionaries. In 1612 one of the missionaries, Fray Isidrio de Ordoñez, declared Peralta a “schismatic heretic” and proclaimed that he was excommunicated. A short time thereafter, Peralta was arrested and was imprisoned for almost a year, until he sent word of his situation to the viceroy, who ordered his release.
How many soldiers did Peralta have?
Replacing Governor Juan de Oñate, who had made many enemies among the natives, Peralta travels to New Mexico with only 12 soldiers and eight Franciscan priests, who are determined to convert the natives to Catholicism. While the missionaries promise the natives that baptism would protect them from deceases, Peralta convinces some 200 San Gabriel settlers that the capital is erroneously located in an area that suffers drought, lacks fertile land, and is also too far from the Pueblo Indian population centers.
Where is the statue of Peralta?
Today, Peralta rides a horse, with his surveyor standing next him, in a bronze statue called "The Founding of Santa Fe," in the city's Peralta Park . The Santa Fe Plaza is now the heart of downtown Santa Fe. The Palace of the Governors now houses the Museum of New Mexico and is considered to be the oldest continuously occupied public building in the United States. Both the Palace and the Plaza have been designated National Historic Landmarks.
Who was the friar that Peralta was accused of mistreating the natives?
Three years after Peralta establishes Santa Fe , a Franciscan friar, Isidro Ordóñez, falsifies documents which give him as much power Peralta, accuses Peralta of mistreating the natives, has Peralta imprisoned and takes temporary control of the New Mexico government. After almost a year in prison, Peralta is allowed to return to Mexico City, where he explains his version of his dispute with Ordóñez and where he is finally vindicated by the Mexican Inquisition. The Inquisition orders Ordóñez to return to Mexico City, and reprimands him. Peralta went on to serve on in various government post in Spanish America, from Mexico to Venezuela.
Who was the Spanish army officer who moved the capital of New Mexico to a new town?
Spanish Army officer Don Pedro de Peralta, appointed second governor of New Mexico, arrives at its capital, La Villa de San Gabriel, and decides to move the capital to a new town. He establishes and names Santa Fe, New Mexico.
Who was the king of the California Missions?
94. San Luis Rey de Francia: The King of the California Missions
Who settled Santa Fe?
While Santa Fe was inhabited on a very small scale in 1607, it was truly settled by the conquistador Don Pedro de Peralta in 1609-1610. Santa Fe is the site of both the oldest public building in America, the Palace of the Governors and the nation's oldest community celebration, the Santa Fe Fiesta, established in 1712 to commemorate ...
How long did the Spanish settle in Santa Fe?
One year later, he had moved the capital to present day Santa Fe. Settlement Revolt & Reconquest. (1607 to 1692) For a period of 70 years beginning the early 17th century, Spanish soldiers and officials, as well as Franciscan missionaries, sought to subjugate and convert the Pueblo Indians of the region.
What was the impact of the Spanish closed empire on Santa Fe?
The Spanish policy of closed empire also heavily influenced the lives of most Santa Feans during these years as trade was restricted to Americans, British and French. When Mexico gained its independence from Spain, Santa Fe became the capital of the province of New Mexico.
What did the Pueblo Indians do in 1680?
In 1680, Pueblo Indians revolted against the estimated 2,500 Spanish colonists in New Mexico, killing 400 of them and driving the rest back into Mexico. The conquering Pueblos sacked Santa Fe and burned most of the buildings, except the Palace of the Governors.
What was the name of the rebellion that killed the governor of New Mexico?
For a brief period in 1837, northern New Mexico farmers rebelled against Mexican rule, killed the provincial governor in what has been called the Chimayó Rebellion (named after a village north of Santa Fe) and occupied the capital.
When was Santa Fe captured?
Santa Fe, in fact, was the first foreign capital over taken by the United States, when in 1846 General Stephen Watts Kearny captured it during the Mexican-American War. Santa Fe's site was originally occupied by a number of Pueblo Indian villages with founding dates from between 1050 to 1150.
When was the Kingdom of New Mexico founded?
The "Kingdom of New Mexico" was first claimed for the Spanish Crown by the conquistador Don Francisco Vasques de Coronado in 1540, 67 years before the founding of Santa Fe.
