How do clustered rural settlements differ from dispersed ones quizlet?
Clustered rural: place where a number of families live in close proximity to each other, with fields surrounding the collection of houses and farm buildings; dispersed rural: type of North American rural landscape, is characterized by farmers living on individual farms isolated from neighbors rather than alongside of ...
What is another name for a clustered rural settlement?
Clustered Rural Settlements A clustered rural settlement typically includes homes, barns, tools, sheds, and other farm structures, plus consumer services, such as religious structures, schools, and shops. In common language, such a settlement is called a hamlet or village.
What is clustered settlement AP Human Geography?
Clustered Rural Settlements. A rural settlement in which the houses and farm buildings of each family are situated close to each others fields and surround the settlement.
What is the difference between a clustered and dispersed rural settlement?
In clustered rural settlements, families live to close to one another and fields surround houses and farm buildings. In dispersed rural settlements, farmers live on individual farms and are more iso- lated from their neighbors.
How are strips of land allocated?
How are strips of land allocated in a clustered rural settlement? A strip of land is allocated to each person in the settlement. Individual farmers can own or rent the strips of land or the land is owned collectively by the settlement or by a lord.
What is a clustered settlement pattern?
Clustered Settlement Patterns means a pattern where houses and buildings are put together closely. Also it is an. area where there are a lot of buildings that are around a certain point.
Where is a clustered rural settlement?
A clustered rural settlement is a rural settlement where a number of families live in close proximity to each other, with fields surrounding the collection of houses and farm buildings.
What are the 3 settlement patterns?
Population settlement patterns can be separated into to three distinct patterns: Linear. Clustered (or nucleated) Scattered.
What are the 4 types of settlement patterns?
Rural settlement patterns refer to the shape of the settlement boundaries, which often involve an interaction with the surrounding landscape features. The most common patterns are linear, rectangular, circular or semi-circular, and triangular.
What are the 5 types of settlements?
There are 5 types of settlement classified according to their pattern, these are, isolated, dispersed, nucleated, and linear.
Why do services cluster in settlements?
Business services disproportionately cluster in a handful of urban settlements. Services cluster in both rural and urban settlements as a function of market areas, ranges, and thresholds, which are integral to central place theory.
What is a semi clustered settlement?
Semi-clustered or fragmented: Semi-clustered or fragmented settlements may result from a tendency of clustering in a restricted area of dispersed settlement. More often such a pattern may also result from segregation or fragmentation of a large compact village.
What are called rural settlements?
The settlement where the occupation of majority of people relate to the local natural resources are called rural settlement for example, (1) settlement of fisheries along a sea coast, (2) settlement of tribal people in the forest area and (3) settlement of farmers along the banks of rivers.
What are the 3 types of rural settlement patterns?
There are three main settlement patterns: nucleated, linear and dispersed.
What are the 4 types of settlements?
The four main types of settlements are urban, rural, compact, and dispersed.
What are the four types of rural settlements?
Rural settlements in India can broadly be put into four types: • Clustered, agglomerated or nucleated, • Semi-clustered or fragmented, • Hamleted, and • Dispersed or isolated.
What is a clustered settlement?
A nucleated village or clustered settlement is one of the main types of settlement pattern. It is one of the terms used by geographers and landscape historians to classify settlements.
What is a polyfocal settlement?
polyfocal settlement, two (or more) adjacent nucleated villages that have expanded and merged to form a cohesive overall community. A sub-category of clustered settlement is a planned village or community, deliberately established by landowners or the stated and enforced planning policy of local authorities and central governments.
Why did England have nucleated settlements?
Various explanations have been offered as to the reason for this form of settlement including the ethnic origin of the Anglo-Saxon settlers, density of population and the influence of local lords of the manor. Dr Tom Williamson theorised in 2004 that the best explanation is the combination of soil quality and climate which leads to differences in agricultural techniques for exploiting local conditions.
What is the shape of a nucleated village?
In central Europe, nucleated villages have also emerged from smaller settlements and many farmsteads (equivalent to many hamlets) also grew into societal communities with growth in population. These villages generally have an irregular shape but are roughly circular around a central place and/or church as their epicenter. The central place is usually a lake or somewhere easy to defend.
Where did the nucleated villages originate?
England. One example of a nucleated village in England is Shapwick, Somerset. Many nucleated villages originated in Anglo-Saxon England, but historian W. G. Hoskins discredits a previously held view that uniquely associated nucleated villages with that influx to England and their emergent society.
What is the back lane of a burgage plot?
At the opposite end of the burgage plot there is often a back lane which gives the original village a regular layout, right-angled development , which can often still be seen today in England . Planned villages were usually associated with markets, from which the landowner expected to make profits.
How many kilometers are there in a clustered rural settlement?
The fields must be acces- sible to the farmers and are thus generally limited to a radius of 1 or 2 kilometers (1⁄
What is clustered rural settlement?
A clustered rural settlementis a place where a number of families live in close proximity to each other, with fields surrounding the collection of houses and farm buildings. A dispersed rural settlement, typical of the North Ameri- can rural landscape, is characterized by farmers living on individual farms iso- lated from neighbors rather than along- side other farmers in settlements.
What are the services clustered in settlements?
Services are clustered in settlements. Rural settlements are centers for agriculture and provide a small number of serv- ices; urban settlements are centers for consumer and busi- ness services. One-half of the people in the world currently live in a rural settlement, and the other half in an urban settlement.■
What are the two dimensions of urbanization?
The process by which the population of urban settlements grows, known as urbanization, has two dimensions—an increase in the numberof people living in cities and an increase in the percentageof people living in cities. The distinction between the two factors is important because they occur for different reasons and have different global distributions. A large percentage of people living in urban settlements reflects a country’s level of development. In MDCs, about three- fourths of the people live in urban areas, compared to about two-fifths in LDCs. The major exception to the global pattern is Latin America, where the urban percentage is comparable to the
What percentage of people lived in urban settlements in 1900?
The percentage of people living in urban settlements had increased from 3 percent in 1800 to 6 percent in 1850, 14 percent in 1900, 30 percent in 1950, and 47 percent in 2000.
What were the disadvantages of the dispersed rural settlements in the United States?
Owning several discontinuous fields around a clustered rural settlement had several disadvantages: Farmers lost time moving between fields, villagers had to build more roads to connect the small lots, and farmers were restricted in what they could plant. With the introduction of farm machin- ery, farms operated more efficiently at a larger scale. DISPERSED RURAL SETTLEMENTS IN THE UNITED STATES. The Middle Atlantic colonies were settled by more heterogeneous groups than those in New England. Colonists came from Germany, Holland, Ireland, Scotland, and Sweden, as well as from England. Most arrived in Middle Atlantic colonies individually rather than as a member of a cohesive religious or cultural group. Some bought tracts of land from speculators. Others acquired land directly from individuals who had been given large land grants by the English government, including William Penn (Pennsylvania), Lord Baltimore (Maryland), and Sir George Carteret (the Carolinas). Dispersed settlement patterns dominated in the American Mid- west in part because the early settlers came primarily from the Middle Atlantic colonies. The pioneers crossed the Appalachian Mountains and established dispersed farms on the frontier. Land was plentiful and cheap, and people bought as much as they could manage. In New England a dispersed distribution began to replace clustered settlements in the eighteenth century. Eventually people bought, sold, and exchanged land to create large, continuous holdings instead of several isolated pieces. The clustered rural settlement pattern worked when the pop- ulation was low, but settlements had no spare land to meet the needs of a population that was growing through natural increase and net in-migration. A shortage of land eventually forced immigrants and children to strike out alone and claim farmland on the frontier. In addition, the cultural bonds that had created clustered rural settlements were weakened. Descen- dants of the original settlers were less interested in the religious and cultural values that had unified the original immigrants. DISPERSED RURAL SETTLEMENTS IN GREAT BRITAIN. To improve agricultural production, a number of European countries converted their rural landscapes from clustered settlements to dispersed patterns. Dispersed settlements were considered more efficient for agriculture than clustered settlements. A prominent example was the enclosure movement in Great Britain, between 1750 and 1850. The British government transformed the rural landscape by consolidating individually owned strips of land surrounding a village into a single large farm, owned by an individual. When necessary, the government forced people to give up their former holdings. The enclosure movement brought greater agricultural effi- ciency, but it destroyed the self-contained world of village life. Vil- lage populations declined drastically as displaced farmers moved to urban settlements. Because the enclosure movement coincided with the Industrial Revolution, villagers who were displaced from farming moved to urban settlements and became workers in fac- tories and services. Some villages became the centers of the new, larger farms, but villages that were not centrally located to a new farm’s extensive land holdings were abandoned and replaced with entirely new farmsteads at more strategic locations. As a result, the isolated, dispersed farmstead, unknown in medieval England, is now a common feature of that country’s rural landscape. As recently as 1800, only 3 percent of Earth’s population lived in cities, and only one city in the world—Beijing—had more than 1 million inhabitants. Two centuries later, one-half of the world’s people live in cities, and more than 400 of them have at least 1 million inhabitants. This rapid growth has made it difficult to define the boundaries of cities (see Chapter 13).
Which European city was surrounded by walls?
FIGURE 12-8Medieval city: Carcassonne, France. Medieval European cities, such as Carcassonne, in southwestern France, were often surrounded by walls for protection. The walls have been demolished in most places, but they still stand around the medieval center of Carcassonne.
What is clustered rural settlement?
A clustered rural settlement is a rural settlement where a number of families live in close proximity to each other, with fields surrounding the collection of houses and farm buildings. The layout of this type of village reflects historical circumstances, the nature of the land, economic conditions, and local cultural characteristics. ...
Where did the dispersed settlement pattern originate?
In the United States, the dispersed settlement pattern was developed first in the Middle Atlantic colonies as a result of the individual immigrants’ arrivals. As people started to move westward, where land was plentiful, the isolated type of settlements became dominant in the American Midwest.
What is a scattered village?
A scattered dispersed type of rural settlement is generally found in a variety of landforms, such as the foothill, tableland, and upland regions. Yet, the proper scattered village is found at the highest elevations and reflects the rugged terrain and pastoral economic life. The population maintains many traditional features in architecture, dress, and social customs, and the old market centers are still important. Small plots and dwellings are carved out of the forests and on the upland pastures wherever physical conditions permit. Mining, livestock raising, and agriculture are the main economic activities, the latter characterized by terrace cultivation on the mountain slopes. The sub-mountain regions, with hills and valleys covered by plowed fields, vineyards, orchards, and pastures, typically have this type of settlement.
What is linear settlement?
Linear Rural Settlements. The linear form is comprised of buildings along a road, river, dike, or seacoast. Excluding the mountainous zones, the agricultural land is extended behind the buildings. The river can supply the people with a water source and the availability to travel and communicate.
What are the two categories of settlements?
Using as classification criteria the shape, internal structure, and streets texture, settlements can be classified into two broad categories: clustered and dispersed.
Where do isolated farms live?
In the United States, the dispersed settlement pattern was developed first in the Middle Atlantic colonies as a result of the individual immigrants’ arrivals. As people started to move westward, where land was plentiful, the isolated type of settlements became dominant in the American Midwest. These farms are located in the large plains and plateaus agricultural areas, but some isolated farms, including hamlets, can also be found in different mountainous areas ( Figures 12.7 and 12.8 ).
Where are small garden plots located?
Small garden plots are located in the first ring surrounding the houses , continued with large cultivated land areas, pastures, and woodlands in successive rings. The compact villages are located either in the plain areas with important water resources or in some hilly and mountainous depressions.
What is private land?
Privately registered land is owned by a natural person or a legal entity with the right to use and/or exploit the land at its discretion and in accordance with the law. Article 1 of the Ottoman Land Code defines private land as areas that can be used in their capacity as owned by someone. In other words, the owner has the right of ownership and usage and possesses all forms of authority in relation to the land, such as offering it for sale, as a grant, mortgaging it, leasing it, entrusting it to another person or any other form of transaction in accordance with the law. In addition, this type of land can be transferred through inheritance to the heirs of the owner. If no heirs exist, the property is transferred to the public treasury (the State) and is subject to the provisions of the Ottoman Civil Code.33
How much land is unregistered in Gaza?
Over 30 per cent of private land in Gaza,39 and around 70 per cent of the West Bank,40 is estimated to be unregistered. This is the consequence of the difficulty of providing a ‘chain of ownership’, complex land laws and registration procedures, and past efforts of owners to avoid paying land tax through by failing to register their land. As a result of the different administrations ruling in the Gaza Strip, various procedures have been created to determine the status of unregistered land. This led to different names and classifications of the land, based on the procedures imposed by the different administrations. In addition, the status of unregistered land and the procedures required to register it have become somewhat unclear, because the laws inherited from the different legislative periods are all still in effect. This legal situation puts the rights of owners of unregistered land at risk.
What is the PLA responsible for?
This is commonly understood as encroachment. The PLA, as the entity responsible for preserving public assets, is tasked with the responsibility to safeguard State land and protect it from encroachments or any other type of violation.
How many dunams are there in the Gaza Strip?
The term ‘State land’ is defined as non-transferable assets used or owned by the State in accordance with the laws of the State. There are approximately 365,000 dunams of land in the Gaza Strip. State land registered at the Land and Real Estate Registration Department of the PLA, commonly known as the Tabu department, comprises of around 112,000 dunams, which amounts to 31 per cent of all land in the Gaza Strip.52
What is Waqf land?
The fourth chapter discusses the historical background to Waqf land, which is the land allocated by private individuals or entities as a religious endowment for charitable purposes to an Islamic trust called the ‘Waqf’. This chapter presents the geographical locations of this land in the Gaza Strip, the parties responsible for its administration, and the laws that govern the use of Waqf land. It also points out the main disputes that may arise when local residents use this land.
Why is land important?
Land is a core component of stability for any society. For individuals, the availability of land guarantees shelter, housing and security and, very often, a livelihood. Land is a physical resource and also a gateway to the development and well-being of a society and its people. The control over land and its natural resources often causes disputes between individuals, between individuals and the State, or the eruption of conflict between neighbouring States.
Who is responsible for the General Administration for Liberated Land?
The General Administration for Liberated Land was established by the Palestinian Cabinet in 2007 as the body responsible for former settlements land.100 Although it answers directly to the Palestinian