Why were temples important to the Chola Empire?
Chola temples became the nuclei of settlements which grew around them. These were centres of craft production. Amongst the crafts associated with temples, bronze images and paintings were distinctive and world famous. Temples were also endowed with land by rulers as well as by others.
Why were temples called the nuclei of settlements in India?
Settlements grew around the temples of the Chola period and hence these became the nuclei of settlements. The temples were endowed with land by rulers as well as by others. ... The bronze images of the Chola period are considered among the finest in the world.
What are the crafts associated with Chola temples?
The big temples of Thanjavur and Gangaikondacholapuram, built by Rajaraja and Rajendra, are architectural and sculptural marvels. Chola temples often became the nuclei of settlements which grew around them. These were centres of craft production. Amongst the crafts associated with temples, the making of bronze images was the most distinctive.
What is the architecture of the Chola period?
Write a short note on architecture of Chola Period. Answer: The big temples of Thanjavur and Gangaikondacholapuram, built by Rajaraja and Rajendra, are architectural and sculptural marvels. Chola temples often became the nuclei of settlements which grew around them.
What is meant by nuclei of settlements?
A nucleated village, or clustered settlement, is one of the main types of settlement pattern. It is one of the terms used by geographers and landscape historians to classify settlements.
What are the factors which make the temples a nuclei of settlements?
Ans : Chola temples became the nuclei of settlement which grew around them in the following ways : i) Temple became the center of craft production that was distinctive and world famous. ii) Temples were also endowed with land by rulers as well as by others.
How did the temples under the Chola administration become a Centre of life?
Temples were the nuclei of settlements during this period. They were the centres of craft production and also controlled the financial aspects related to them. Hence they were not only the religious centres but also the hub of economic, social and cultural life as well.
What were the activities associated with the Chola temple Class 7?
Thus apart from the priests we find a number of people, who engaged in various activities, were associated with a Chola temple. They were – garland makers, cooks, sweepers, musicians, dancers, crafts people etc.
How was the Sabha Organised during the Chola period class 7?
A Sabha had separate committees looking after functions like irrigation, gardens, temples, etc. Under the supervision of the Chola government, rich peasants of the Vellala caste controlled the affairs of the Nadus. The Chola kings often gave land grants or Brahmadeya to Brahmins.
Who founded the Chola dynasty Class 7?
In the eighth century, Vijayala, the founder of the Chola dynasty, took over the Tanjore kingdom by defeating the Pallavas. He captured the Kaveri delta from the subordinate of Pallava king, Samanta.
How did the Cholas rise to power short answer Class 7?
Question: How did the Cholas rise to power? Answer: Vijayalaya, a Chola chief from Uraiyur, captured the Kaveri delta from a Samanta (subordinate) of Pallava king. He gradually conquered neighbouring regions, and thus established Chola kingdom by defeating Pallava and Pandya kings.
What was the capital of the ancient Chola kingdom Class 7?
ThanjavurComplete answer: Thanjavur (Tanjore) was the capital of Cholas. Vijayalaya was the founder of the Chola Empire.
What were the Chola temples known for?
The temples testify to the brilliant achievements of the Chola in architecture, sculpture, painting and bronze casting.
What are the activities take place around the temples any two points Class 7?
The produce of the land was used for the maintenance of the priests, garland makers, cooks, sweepers, musicians, dancers etc who were associated with the temples and used to work for them. Hence temples were not simply the place of worship. They were also the hub of economic, social and cultural life as well.
How did the Cholas rise to power?
The Chola Empire was founded by Vijayalaya. He took over the Tanjore kingdom in the 8th century and led to the rise of the mighty Cholas by defeating the Pallavas. Tanjore was hence made the first capital of the eminent Chola Empire. Aditya I succeeded Vijayalaya to become the ruler of the empire.
Why did Temple emerge as a main point of trade and administration during Chola administration?
Explanation: During the Chola period the temple emerged as a main point of trade and administration. the temple were maintained by the grants made by village assemblies, merchants, society and royal grants.
What are the factors that influence settlement?
Human factors: People who share a common language, religion or culture. Social network or supports....Physical factors:Body of water (transportation routes, water for drinking and farming)Flat land (easy to build)Fertile soil (for crops)Forests (timber and housing)influence the settlements in an area.
What are the factors influencing the location of settlement?
Of the many factors that help determine if a location is appropriate for settling, each can be divided into one of four generally accepted categories: climatic, economic, physical and traditional.
What are the factors that determine the selection of sites for settlement?
Determining where to settle land has always depended on a variety of factors, including proximity and accessibility to needed resources. Locations of landforms such as rivers, mountains, and bays has influenced where towns and cities were built.
Which factors lead to variety of settlements?
AnswerClimatic ,Economic , Physical and Traditinal factors.lead to variety of settlements.
What was the purpose of the Chola temple?
Answer: Chola temples often became the nuclei of settlements which grew around them. These were centres of craft production. Temples were also endowed with land by rulers as well as by others. The produce of this land went to maintain all the specialists who worked at the temple and very often lived near it – priests, garland makers, cooks, sweepers, musicians, dancers, etc. In other words, temples were not only places of worship; they were the hub of economic, social and cultural life as well.
What titles did the Chola kings give to their landowners?
Answer: The Chola kings gave some rich landowners titles like muvendavelan (a velan or peasant serving three kings), araiyar (chief), etc. as markers of respect, and entrusted them with important offices of the state at the centre.
What did rulers do when they attacked one another's kingdoms?
Answer: Rulers also tried to demonstrate their power and resources by building large temples. So, when they attacked one another’s kingdoms, they often chose to target temples, which were sometimes extremely rich. One of the best known of such rulers is Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni, Afghanistan. He raided the subcontinent almost every year – his targets were wealthy temples, including that of Somnath, Gujarat.
How long did the Tang Dynasty last?
Write a short note on Tang dynasty. Answer: In China, an empire was established under the Tang dynasty, which remained in power for about 300 years (from the seventh to the tenth centuries). Its capital, Xi’an, was one of the largest cities in the world, visited by Turks, Iranians, Indians, Japanese and Koreans.
What were settlements of peasants known as?
Answer: Settlements of peasants were known as ur.
Which family held power in the Kaveri delta?
Answer: A minor chiefly family known as the Muttaraiyar held power in the Kaveri delta. They were subordinate to the Pallava kings of Kanchipuram. Vijayalaya, who belonged to the ancient chiefly family of the Cholas from Uraiyur, captured the delta from the Muttaraiyar in the middle of the ninth century.
Who was Vijayalaya's chiefly family?
Answer: Vijayalaya belonged to the ancient chiefly family of the Cholas from Uraiyur. He captured the delta from the Muttaraiyar in the middle of the ninth century. He built the town of Thanjavur and a temple for goddess Nishumbhasudini there.
What became the nuclei of settlements which grew around them?
Answer: Chola temples became the nuclei of settlements which grew around them.
Who was endowed with land in the Temple?
Temples were also endowed with land by rulers as well as by others. The produce of this land went to maintain all the specialists who worked at the temple and very often lived near it – priests, garland makers, cooks, sweepers, musicians, dancers, etc.
Which kingdom had a caste system?
New Kings and Kingdoms – Answer: Following instances indicate that caste system was prevalent in Chola kingdom: Rich peasants of the Vellala caste had considerable control under Chola government. Brahmanas often received land grants or brahmadeya. As a result, a large number of Brahmana settlements emerged in the Kaveri valley.
How were the members of the village assembly elected?
The members of the village assembly were elected by lottery system called Kudavolai System. The names of the eligible persons were written on palm leaves and put into a pot. A boy was asked to pick up names from the pot. The chosen persons were declared elected.
Why were embankments built in the Delta region?
In the delta region embankments were built to prevent flooding. Canals were constructed to carry water to the fields. In many areas two crops were grown in a year. For irrigation, wells were dug and in other places huge tanks were constructed to collect rainwater.
When did agriculture start in Tamil Nadu?
Answer: Although agriculture had developed earlier in other parts of Tamil Nadu, it was only from the fifth or sixth century that this area was opened up for large-scale cultivation.
What was the name of the land grant given to Brahamans?
Answer: Land grants given to Brahamans called brahamadeya. These land grants were looked after by an assembly (Sabha) of prominent Brahmana land holders which worked very efficient. Their decisions were recorded in detail in inscriptions, often on the stone walls of temples.
What was the purpose of the Chola temple?
The Chola temples were not only places of worship but also the hub of economic, social and cultural life . They were also endowed with land by rulers, as well as by others. The produce of this land went into maintaining all the specialists who worked at the temple. Among the crafts associated with temples, the making of bronze images became the most distinctive and these bronze images are still considered the finest in the world. Most of these bronze images were of deities, while some of these images depicted devotees as well.
What was the development of the Kaveri River in Tamil Nadu?
The irrigation works that were developed in the Tamil region led to the development of water channels for agriculture, construction of embankments to prevent floods and digging of wells and tanks for storage of water.
Why did the new dynasties become a part of the Kshatriyas?
Answer: To gain acceptance, the new dynasties took on new titles and performed religious rituals to become a part of the Kshatriyas. They were regarded as the subordinates or Samantas by their overloads and later declared themselves to be maha-Samanta after gaining power and wealth. The new dynasties also engaged themselves in warfare to assert their power and carve kingdoms for themselves.
What were the three parties involved in the Tripartite struggle?
Answer: Three parties were involved in the “tripartite struggle” and fought for control over Kannauj. These three parties were the Gurjara-Pratihara, Rashtrakuta and Pala dynasties.
Which two major cities were under the control of the Chahamanas?
Answer: The two major cities that were under the control of the Chahamanas were Delhi and Ajmer.
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What was the purpose of the Chola temples?
Ans. Chola temples often became the nuclei of settlements which grew around them. These were centres of craft production. Temples were also endowed with land by rulers as well as by others. The produce of this land went to maintain all the specialists who worked at the temple and very often lived near it – priests, garland makers, cooks, sweepers, musicians, dancers, etc. In other words, temples were not only places of worship; they were the hub of economic, social and cultural life as well.
What are the most distinctive crafts associated with Chola temples?
These were centres of craft production. Amongst the crafts associated with temples, the making of bronze images was the most distinctive. Chola bronze images are considered amongst the finest in the world.
What did Samantas declare themselves to be?
ii. As samantas gained power and wealth, they declared themselves to be maha-samanta, mahamandaleshvara and so on. Sometimes they asserted their independence from their overlords.
Which family held power in the Kaveri delta?
A minor chiefly family known as the Muttaraiyar held power in the Kaveri delta. They were subordinate to the Pallava kings of Kanchipuram. Vijayalaya, who belonged to the ancient chiefly family of the Cholas from Uraiyur, captured the delta from the Muttaraiyar in the middle of the ninth century.
Who was the most powerful Chola ruler?
The Pandyan and the Pallava territories to the south and north were made part of this kingdom. Rajaraja I , considered the most powerful Chola ruler, became king in 985 and expanded control over most of these areas.
What were the kings of the Seventh Century called?
Existing kings often acknowledged them as their subordinates or samantas. They were expected to bring gifts for their kings or overlords, be present at their courts and provide them with military support. Many of these new kings adopted high-sounding titles such as maharaja adhiraja (great king, overlord of kings), tribhuvana-chakravartin (lord of the three worlds) and so on. However, in spite of such claims, they often shared power with their samantas as well as with associations of peasants, traders and Brahmanas.