Commerce boomed during Massachusetts Bay's first decade of settlement as earlier settlers prospered by producing goods for sale to the thousands of new arrivals who took passage each year. Yet when the flow of migration ceased after the outbreak of the English Civil War in 1642, the nascent market economy dried up.
Full Answer
What was the economic development of Jamestown 1763?
SETTLEMENT AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: THE COLONIES TO 1763 ( OVERVIEW ) Settlers of Jamestown, the first successful English settlement in North America, shared with the adventurers of the earlier, ill-fated Roanoake settlement of 1585 the hope of tapping into precious sources of New World mineral wealth.
How did trade change the world in ancient times?
How Ancient Trade Changed the World. When the first civilizations did begin trading with each other about five thousand years ago, however, many of them got rich…and fast. Trade was also a boon for human interaction, bringing cross-cultural contact to a whole new level.
How did European trade affect Native American life?
Trade with Europeans altered nearly everything about Native life, disrupting and redirecting traditional trading patterns, producing a strain on the natural environment through over-hunting and over-trapping, and changing the way that American Indians clothed themselves, cooked their food, cultivated their soil, and hunted their game.
How important was the Indian trade to the early English colonies?
Most early English settlements depended heavily on such trade to repay investors who had financed their voyages, and some economies such as New York 's continued to rely significantly on the "Indian trade" through much of the colonial period.
What happened with the economy in 1800 1848?
Major developments included the cotton gin, the steam engine, the factory system, and the expansion of railroads and canals. America moved away from a small subsistence-based economy and into an era of increasing industrialization, which impacted societal and family structures.
How did the US government seek influence and control over the Western Hemisphere?
A. Following the Louisiana Purchase, the United States government sought influence and control over North America and the Western Hemisphere through a variety of means, including exploration, military actions, American Indian removal, and diplomatic efforts such as the Monroe Doctrine.
What is the most important development in US identity between 1800 1848?
Major developments in this time period include the Market Revolution, the controversy over tariffs, and the increasing separation between the economies of the industrial North and the agricultural South. Of these, I would say that separate economic systems definitely promoted a divided regional identity.
What led to the increase in participatory democracy from 1800 1848?
The nation's transition to a more participatory democracy was achieved by expanding suffrage from a system based on property ownership to one based on voting by all adult white men, and it was accompanied by the growth of political parties.
How did the market revolution affect society?
The market revolution sparked explosive economic growth and new personal wealth, but it also created a growing lower class of property-less workers and a series of devastating depressions, called “panics.” Many Americans labored for low wages and became trapped in endless cycles of poverty.
How did new transportation systems and technologies help dramatically expand manufacturing and agricultural production?
New transportation systems and technologies dramatically expanded manufacturing and agricultural production. Entrepreneurs helped to create a market revolution in production and commerce, in which market relationships between producers and consumers came to prevail as the manufacture of goods became more organized.
What shaped America's early identity?
For Americans in the 19th century, politics and religion were the two primary factors in their personal identity. Political identity was often dictated first by where they lived; your allegiance was often first and foremost to your state, explaining some of the sectional issues that plagued early American history.
How did the American identity develop?
Americans adopted representative governments with democratic principles that allowed each person to have a voice in the decisions about their country. This atmosphere of new ideas and new political rights fostered a growing sense of a unique American identity – not found anywhere else.
What were the causes and effects of the westward expansion?
U.S. President Thomas Jefferson's Louisiana Purchase in 1803 had doubled the size of the country, sparking people's desire to move west. Spreading settlements along the country's borders caused friction with others. The intervention of the U.S. government often resulted in the annexation of more territory.
What was an economic event that led to an expansion of voting rights in the US?
Terms in this set (10) Which best explains how the Panic of 1819 affected voting rights? Many white male property owners lost their land and, with it, the right to vote. How did the "corrupt bargain" affect the US political party system in the 1820s?
What were the causes and effects of the growth of participatory democracy in the period 1800 1848?
The nation's transition to a more participatory democracy was achieved by expanding suffrage from a system based on property ownership to one based on voting by all adult white men, and it was accompanied by the growth of political parties.
How did American democracy change in the 1820s quizlet?
How did American democracy change in the 1820s? In the 1820s, Americans who were allowed to vote went to vote. Citizens made public demonstrations, openly criticized the president, and petitioned Congress. However, political party leaders could not overlook the cultivation of popular favor.
How regional identities shaped the political development of the United States from 1800 to 1848?
Thesis: Regional identities shaped the political development of the United States from 1800 to 1848 especially through the divide between the northern industry and the southern agriculture that eventually led to a great deal of conflict in America's politics.
What contributed to the rise of sectionalism in the United States in the early 1800s?
The North continued to urbanize, work on new industries and build more factories, while the South was more focused on agriculture, plantations, and slave labor. This difference in lifestyles was the leading cause of conflict and sectionalism.
What happened in the US in 1803?
The United States purchased the Louisiana Territory from France at a price of $15 million, or approximately four cents an acre. The ratification of the Louisiana Purchase treaty by the Senate on October 20, 1803, doubled the size of the United States and opened up the continent to its westward expansion.
What is the meaning of national identity?
National identity is a person's identity or sense of belonging to one or more states or to one or more nations. It is the sense of "a nation as a cohesive whole, as represented by distinctive traditions, culture, and language".
How did the Smoot-Hawley Tariff affect the Second World War?
To convince yourself of that, look at the twentieth century: the Smoot-Hawley Tariff probably triggered the Second World War by embittering the Germans with their inability to recover and pay the Versailles reparations. No Smoot-Hawley, no Hitler chancellorship; no Hitler chancellorship, no World War II. By contrast, European free trade has made a major party conflict among western and central European powers unthinkable for the first time in history.
What is the essence of free trade?
The essence of free trade is the very absence of regulation. Unfortunately, as we've already seen, free trade always produces losers, who must of necessity be bought off, lest they clog up the works. As John Stuart Mill first pointed out, and as Paul Samuelson and Wolfgang Stolper have reiterated, the benefits of free trade will always be sufficient to "bribe the suffering factor."
What was the central calculus facing most leaders in the pre-modern era?
Second, throughout most of history, the central calculus facing most leaders in the pre-modern era was the trilemma of whether to trade, raid, or protect. Today, we take the first as a given, but as we have recently learned off the Somali coast, the latter two options are still around.
What was the second great advance?
The second great advance was the exploitation of the prevailing "trade winds" by European sailors in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries , which gave birth to the first flush of true "globalization" by about 1600.
What was the first technological advancement?
The first of these more subtle technologies was the decoding of the planet's wind system. One great advance was the discovery of the Indian Ocean monsoon system by mariners around the dawn of the Common Era, which transformed the cities ringing it into prosperous trading states. The second great advance was the exploitation of the prevailing "trade winds" by European sailors in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, which gave birth to the first flush of true "globalization" by about 1600.
Is free trade a social welfare system?
As a practical matter, free trade is joined at the hip with a generous social welfare system. When a worker loses his or her job to a better and/or cheaper foreign product, he or she not only deserves retraining, but should also not lose their health care coverage and all their income. Reasonable people can argue over the ethics of a generous social welfare policy, but there's no arguing over its political economy: if you don't compensate the losers, they wreck the system.
Does trade benefit the economy?
First, trade almost always benefits the nations that engage in it, but only when averaged over the entire national economy.
What were the first trade routes?
The first and most extensive trade networks were actually waterways like the Nile, the Tigris and the Euphrates in present-day Iraq and the Yellow River in China. Cities grew up in the fertile basins on the borders of those rivers and then expanded by using their watery highways to import and export goods.
When did the first civilizations begin trading with each other?
When the first civilizations did begin trading with each other about five thousand years ago, however, many of them got rich…and fast. Trade was also a boon for human interaction, bringing cross-cultural contact to a whole new level.
What did people do when they first settled in Mesopotamia?
When people first settled down into larger towns in Mesopotamia and Egypt, self-sufficiency – the idea that you had to produce absolutely everything that you wanted or needed – started to fade. A farmer could now trade grain for meat, or milk for a pot, at the local market, which was seldom too far away.
Why did cities start to work the same way?
Cities started to work the same way, realizing that they could acquire goods they didn't have at hand from other cities far away, where the climate and natural resources produced different things. This longer-distance trade was slow and often dangerous, but was lucrative for the middlemen willing to make the journey.
How did the domestication of camels help the development of the Mediterranean?
The domestication of camels around 1000 BC helped encourage trade routes over land , called caravans, and linked India with the Mediterranean. Like an ancient version of the Wild West frontier, towns began sprouting up like never before anywhere that a pit-stop or caravan-to-ship port was necessary. Many of the better-known satellite towns of Rome and Greece were founded this way, stretching those fabled empires further afield until their influences crossed continents.
How did the Organization of America's geography lead to the prosperity of certain trades in certain areas?
The Organization of America's geography lead to the prosperity of certain trades in certain areas such as; agriculture in the fertile south and manufacturing in the Rocky north. This drastic difference in economic identities resulted in sectionalist views ultimately resulting in hey government with multiple views on what was best
How did resident manufacturing in the North affect the relationships of workers and their superiors?
The resident manufacturing in the north affect the relationships of workers and their superiors in such a way that the workers were in effect ostracized from there superiors. There was often no outside interaction between overseer and Laborer. The continued necessity of the agricultural South lead to the continued dominance of the slave trade which created a social structure with a broad base of discontented laborers and a small tip with monetary abundance
How did the English treat the natives?
The english were by far the harshest in their treatment with the native population. Within the first couple of years the English used the natives for trade for food, and once they were self reliant the English had no use for the natives. Their immune systems were to weak to be enslaved and fresh land for tobacco, the cash crop, was needed. So the English pushed the natives off their homeland and committed war against them. (Ex: King Philip's War). The Spanish were probably the second harshest against the natives. They conquered and defeated the natives, but also had them assimilate into their lifestyle. The wanting of gold influenced the Spanish so they enslaved the natives to find gold for them. Also, because part of the Spanish reason for exploration was to expand christianity the attempt at civilization and converting natives into christians made the natives seem less like savages and more like people to the europeans. The dutch and French colonies treated the native population very similarly. They were both trading colonies that did not encroach very far onto the land. Also, they had to maintain good relationships with the Native Americans in order to trade with them so they did not enslave or murder nearly as bad as their European counterparts
Why did the colonists feel entitled to the Ohio River?
Colonists felt that they were entitled to the Ohio river area after they had fought the French and Indian war. The Proclamation of 1763 angered them and made by many simply ignore the British authority. Since America was formed by a rebellion the government had to be careful about becoming another "british parliament" that would squash rebellions with force
How did the idea of "life, liberty, and happiness" and "all men are equal" affect the way men?
The idea of "Life, Liberty, and Happiness" and "all men are equal" affected the way men in the government thought of slavery. They realized that they were hypocrites for not letting this apply to slaves, but because it was the only form of labor they had the government kept slaves oppressed. Women were affected by the American Revolution. The idea of "republican motherhood" came into play and their jobs as rearers of the children became more and more important
What did the Native Americans do to survive?
The Native Americans relied on their environment, they would hunt, fish, and gather food. They wouldn't waste any part of the animal. The meat was used for food and the hides were used for clothing. Once the Europeans came in contact with these relations in North America they began to use the land for economic gain instead of using it for survival like the Native Americans
What was the effect of competition between Spain and England on the colonies?
Competition between Spain and England made England create Georgia. This provided a bumper between the profitable Carolina colonies and the enemy of Spain. It, along with all other English movements into North America, boosted the native population out of their home land creating tension and resentment between the two groups
What was the pattern of commerce?
The pattern of commerce, not too accurately called the Triangular Trade, involved the exchange of products from colonial farms, plantations, fisheries, and forests with England for manufactured goods and the West Indies for slaves, molasses, and sugar.
How did the slave population increase?
The slave numbers increased, as had the white population, through a combination of immigration, albeit forced, and natural increase . As the supply of indentured servants diminished, in part because work opportunities had improved in England, the supply of slaves either imported directly from Africa or transshipped from the West Indies was increased. Charleston, South Carolina, and Newport, Rhode Island, were important points of entry. Competition from Brazilian and Caribbean planters kept the price of male field hands high, however, and the planters' North American counterparts responded by buying women and encouraging slave families.
What was the social structure of the colonies?
At the bottom of the social ladder were slaves and indentured servants; successful planters in the south and wealthy merchants in the north were the colonial elite. In the Chesapeake area, the signs of prosperity were visible in brick and mortar.
Why did the supply of indentured servants decrease?
As the supply of indentured servants diminished, in part because work opportunities had improved in England, the supply of slaves either imported directly from Africa or transshipped from the West Indies was increased . Charleston, South Carolina, and Newport, Rhode Island, were important points of entry.
What was the colonial industry?
Colonial industry was closely associated with trade. A significant percentage of Atlantic shipping was on vessels built in the colonies, and shipbuilding stimulated other crafts, such as the sewing of sails, milling of lumber, and manufacturing of naval stores. Mercantile theory encouraged the colonies to provide raw materials for England's industrializing economy; pig iron and coal became important exports. Concurrently, restrictions were placed on finished goods. For example, Parliament, concerned about possible competition from colonial hatters, prohibited the export of hats from one colony to another and limited the number of apprentices in each hatmaker's shop.
What were the colonies part of?
Colonial trade and industry. The colonies were part of an Atlantic trading network that linked them with England, Africa, and the West Indies.
What were the landholders in the Middle Colonies?
The descendants of the Dutch patroons and the men who received lands from the English royal governors controlled estates in the middle colonies. Their farms were worked by tenant farmers, who received a share of the crop for their labor. In the northern cities, wealth was increasingly concentrated in the hands of the merchants; below them was the middle class of skilled craftsmen and shopkeepers. Craftsmen learned their trade as apprentices and became journeymen when their term of apprenticeship (as long as seven years) was completed. Even as wage earners, the journeymen often still lived with their former master and ate at his table. Saving enough money to go into business for himself was the dream of every journeyman.
