How could they set up a trading settlement in Singapore? � Raffles smuggled Tengku Hussein into Singapore and on 6 February 1819, proclaimed him the rightful Sultan of Johore. � Raffles, the Temenggong and Sultan Hussein signed the Treaty of 6 February 1819 which confirmed Singapore as a British possession.
Why did Raffles decide to settle in Singapore?
The Dutch were in control - Singapore was under the rule of Sultan Abdul Raman who was underthe Dutch- Raffles decided to recognise Tengku Hussein as the rightful Sultanand obtain permission to set up a settlement in Singapore What was Raffles's aim when he came to Singapore? He wanted to set up a trading port and a little settlement.
What did Raffles do in 1819?
He helped negotiate the provisional agreement of 30 January 1819 with the local chieftain Temmengong Abdul Rahman of Johore; and the more formal Singapore Treaty of 16 February 1819, which Raffles signed with the Temmengong and His Highness the Sultan Hussein Mohammed Shah, confirming the right for the British to set up a trading post.
When did the British East India Company come to Singapore?
On 6 February 1819, Stamford Raffles, Temenggong Abdu’r Rahman and Sultan Hussein Shah of Johor signed a treaty that gave the British East India Company (EIC) the right to set up a trading post in Singapore.
How long was Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles in Singapore?
Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles was only in Singapore for a short period of 9 months. He was appointed a first the Lieutanenet-Governer of Java, before he was given the mission to search for a potential trading port.
When did Raffles make Singapore a trading port?
1819The establishment of a British trading post in Singapore in 1819 by Sir Stamford Raffles led to its founding as a British colony in 1824.
Why did Raffles set up the Singapore institution?
Shortly after the establishment of a British settlement in Singapore in 1819, Raffles wanted to establish an institution that would educate the sons of the local chiefs; teach local languages to officers of the East India Company; and facilitate research in the history, culture and resources of Asian countries.
How did Raffles find Singapore?
Raffles, then the Lieutenant-Governor of Bencoolen (now Bengkulu) in Sumatra, landed in Singapore on 29 January 1819. Recognising the immense potential of the swamp-covered island, he helped negotiate a treaty with the local rulers and established Singapore as a trading station.
How did the British establish a trading post in Singapore?
Following two days of discussions, Raffles and the Temenggong signed a preliminary agreement on 30 January 1819 under which the British were permitted to establish a trading post in Singapore. The agreement was later ratified by Sultan Hussein Shah of Johor on 6 February the following month.
What is Raffles Institution famous for?
Raffles Institution (RI) is an independent educational institution in Singapore. Founded in 1823 and named after Sir Stamford Raffles, it is the oldest school in the country. It provides secondary education for boys only from Year 1 to Year 4, and pre-university education for both boys and girls in Year 5 and Year 6.
When did Raffles become independent?
1823, Bras Basah Road, SingaporeRaffles Institution / Founded
How much did Raffles pay for Singapore?
He dangled a carrot in front of the Malay rulers by proposing the cancellation of their debts, a resumption of payments as agreed under the 1819 agreement and a lump sum payment of 20,000 Spanish dollars, in return for ceding control of Singapore to him.
What did crawfurd do for Singapore?
He collected revenue from opium and arrack farms and also introduced licenses for pawnbrokers and the manufacture and sale of gunpowder. As a vigorous proponent of free trade, Crawfurd abolished anchorage and other port fees, making Singapore unique as a port that was free from tariffs and port charges.
Why did Raffles leave Singapore?
His knowledge of the Malay language, as well as his wit and ability, gained him favour with Lord Minto, Governor-General of India, and he was sent to Malacca. In 1811, after the annexation of the Kingdom of Holland by France during Napoleon's war, Raffles had no choice but to leave the country.
Why is Sir Stamford Raffles important to Singapore?
We recognise him as the man who founded modern Singapore 200 years ago. In 1819, Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles signed a treaty with the Sultan of Johor, granting the British East India Company rights to set up a trading post in Singapore.
When did Raffles leave Singapore?
Raffles departed Singapore on 7 February, leaving Farquhar in charge of the inchoate settlement. 19 Jan 1819: Raffles leaves Penang aboard the Indiana, under the command of Captain James Pearl, to establish a new settlement south of Malacca.
Where did Raffles land in Singapore?
Stamford Raffles landed in Singapore on 28 January 1819. Travelling on the Indiana with a squadron that included the schooner Enterprise, he anchored at St John's Island at 4.00 pm on 28 January 1819 and met with Temenggong Abdul Rahman.
When was Raffles Institution founded?
1823, Bras Basah Road, SingaporeRaffles Institution / FoundedRaffles Institution (RI) was founded by Sir Stamford Raffles as Singapore Institution in 1823, making it the first colonial school to be established in Singapore.
Why did Raffles Institution move from Grange Road to Bishan?
On 26 May 1990, an independent RI moved to its Bishan campus. Reluctant as the school was to lose its Grange Road campus, its limited grounds made expansion impractical or prohibitively costly. In 1989, the Ministry of Education had offered the premises for what was to have been the Bishan Junior College, to RI.
When was the first school built in Singapore?
1885Gan Eng Seng School is the first school that was founded and is supported by a Chinese benefactor and philanthropist. The school opened its doors to the first students in 1885. Initially, it was known as Anglo-Chinese Free School, and eventually, it was renamed in honor of its founder Gan Eng Seng.
Is Raffles Institution a good school?
Raffles Institution (RI) As the oldest school in Singapore, Raffles Institution has always been one of the top secondary schools in Singapore. Since the official secondary school rankings published by the Ministry of Education in 1993, Raffles Institution has remained in the top three in the country.
What were the limitations of the Singapore Treaty?
As recognised by John Crawfurd, the second British Resident of Singapore, it “amounted to little more than a permission for the formation of a British factory. There was in reality no territorial cession giving a legal right of legislation .
What did the Sultan and Temenggong agree to?
The Sultan and Temenggong also agreed that they would “not enter into any treaty with any other nation… nor admit or consent to the settlement in any part of their Dominions of any other power European or American”.13 Thus, the treaty protected the interests of both the British and the Malay rulers.14. Limitations.
How many people lived in Singapore before the British?
Singapore island before the British. In January 1819, just a month before the treaty was signed, Singapore had approximately 1,000 inhabitants. They were made up mostly of “500 Orang Kallang, 200 Orang Seletar, 150 Orang Gelam and other orang laut”.5 There were also about 20 to 30 Malays in the Temenggong’s entourage and around the same number ...
What did the British promise to do to the Sultan?
The British pledged to assist the Sultan in the event of external attacks but not to get involved in internal disputes. The Sultan, in turn, agreed to protect the EIC against enemies. The Sultan and Temenggong also agreed that they would “not enter into any treaty with any other nation… nor admit or consent to the settlement in any part of their Dominions of any other power European or American”.13 Thus, the treaty protected the interests of both the British and the Malay rulers.14
Who attended the signing of the Treaty of Malay?
Among those present were Chinese planters, Malays, as well as the orang laut. British officials, soldiers and Malay dignitaries at the ceremony dressed in regalia and fine clothes.10 The treaty was written in English on the left side and Malay on the right.11 It gave legal backing for the EIC to “maintain a factory or factories on any part of His Highness’s hereditary Dominions”.12
What was the Treaty of Friendship and Alliance?
1824 Treaty of Friendship and Alliance. On subsequent visits to Singapore in June 1819 and October 1822, further agreements were signed between the Sultan, Temenggong and Raffles, which represented attempts to reduce the influence of the Malay authorities.19 In 1824, the Treaty of Friendship and Alliance, which sought to put power more firmly in ...
How did Raffles develop the town plan?
Raffles developed the town plan out of learning lessons from colonial towns where he had been, such as Georgetown in Penang (then known as Prince of Wales Island). There, the communes of Indian and Chinese immigrants were integrated into the formal town plan, unlike the colonial plans in India which left them to develop separately, thus resulting in poor sanitation and haphazard growth. Raffles also picked up traits common in Indian colonial towns such as Calcutta, where a fort dominated the plan. In Singapore, Fort Canning (labelled “Singapore Hill” in the plan), was Raffles’s choice for the seat of government. To give the impression of prosperity, Raffles emphasised on having greenery, a feature also shared with Calcutta. Greenery was added through parklands and gardens such as the Padang and the Botanic Gardens.3
What was the purpose of the Raffles Town Plan?
Lieutenant Philip Jackson drew up a plan according to Raffles’s vision and the resultant plan was published in 1828. The town plan focused on the downtown area, particularly around the Singapore River , and spanned from Telok Ayer to the Kallang River.1 It was based on the vision that Singapore would be “a place of considerable magnitude and importance” and, as such, “an economical and proper allotment of the ground intended to form the site of the principal town [was] an object of first importance”.2
What river did the Raffles reserve?
Government: Raffles reserved the area stretching from Fort Canning to the Singapore River and the sea beyond the Padang (labelled “Open Square” in Jackson’s plan) for government use. Individuals were not allowed to build residences in this area.
Why did Raffles emphasize greenery?
To give the impression of prosperity, Raffles emphasised on having greenery, a feature also shared with Calcutta. Greenery was added through parklands and gardens such as the Padang and the Botanic Gardens.3. History.
What was Raffles' choice for the seat of government?
Raffles also picked up traits common in Indian colonial towns such as Calcutta, where a fort dominated the plan. In Singapore, Fort Canning (labelled “Singapore Hill” in the plan), was Raffles’s choice for the seat of government. To give the impression of prosperity, Raffles emphasised on having greenery, a feature also shared with Calcutta.
Where were the Chulias set aside?
Indians: Tentatively, land for the Chulias were set aside upstream of the Singapore River.