The location and growth of an settlement depended upon its site and situation. The site was the actual place where people decided to locate their settlement. The growth of that settlement then depended upon its situation in relation to accessibility and availability of natural resources.
Full Answer
What are the factors that affect the site and location of settlement?
Studies show that there are three sets of factors that a ffect the sites and location of rural settlements. They are- physical factors, socio-cultural factors and economic factors. In this article, these factors are discussed with case study references which is a vital part of settlement studies.
What are the main features of rural settlement?
Water supply: Generally the rural settlements are found near or around water bodies such as lakes, ponds and rivers because of the water supply is easily available. 2. Land: The man chooses the land where agriculture is possible.
What is the site of a settlement?
The site of a settlement is the land upon which it was built. There is a range of human and physical factors that determine the site of a settlement. The factors that affect the site of a settlement include:
How does the physiography of the region affect the location of rural settlements?
In deciding the site and location of rural settlements, the physiography of the region plays a significant role. In the spatial distribution of rural settlements, some settlements are found to be centrally located and often visited by the people of surrounding villages.
How does site and situation influence settlement?
The location and growth of an settlement depended upon its site and situation. The site was the actual place where people decided to locate their settlement. The growth of that settlement then depended upon its situation in relation to accessibility and availability of natural resources.
What are the factors that affect the location of rural settlement?
Water Supply: Usually rural settlements are located near water bodies such as rivers, lakes, and springs where water can be easily obtained. Land: People choose to settle near fertile lands suitable for agriculture. Upland: Upland which is not prone to flooding was chosen to prevent damage to houses and loss of life.
What factors affect the location of a settlement?
A Geographic Situation Of the many factors that help determine if a location is appropriate for settling, each can be divided into one of four generally accepted categories: climatic, economic, physical and traditional.
What are site and situation factors?
Site is the exact location of a city, you can find it on a map. The situation of a city relates to its surrounding features, both human-made and natural. The site of a city has features that are inherent to its location. The situation of the city includes characteristics that are external to the settlement.
What is the situation of a settlement?
The situation of a settlement is its position in relation to the surrounding human and physical features, many of which will have an impact on the settlement's type, size and function.
What's the difference between site and situation?
What is the difference between Site and Situation? Situation is in relation to the surrounding physical features while site is the exact location of a structure or settlement. If you know the site, you can easily locate a settlement on the map.
What are the factors affecting settlement class 12?
The three factors that affect the location of rural settlements are: Water Supply Generally, settlements are founded near water bodies like rivers, lakes and springs for water availability as water is needed for drinking, cooking, irrigation, etc. Water bodies provide fish as a food source and they are navigable too.
Which is one of the factors that determine the location of settlement?
Physical factors that influence the location of a settlement include ; Water suppy - settlements need water, Defence - building on high ground allowed people the chance to look out for enemies and Aspect & shelter and The economic factors include; Communications - settlements often located next to rivers that allowed ...
What are the factors affecting urban settlement?
Various Causes of Urban GrowthThe natural increase in population. ... Migration. ... Industrialization. ... Commercialization. ... Advancement of transport and communication. ... Availability of educational and recreational facilities. ... Urban planning policies. ... Topographical factors.More items...
What are the types of rural settlement class 12?
In India, Rural settlements can broadly divided into four types:Clustered, agglomerated or nucleated.Semi-dustered or fragmented.Hamleted, and.Dispersed or isolated.
What are the factors that influence the location of settlements?
Several factors influence the location of settlements. These can be divided into four: historical factors. accessibility. availability of resources; and. human preferences and available technology. Historical Factors. Include historical considerations including the desire to build settlements on defensive grounds.
What factors affect the position of present settlement patterns and their locations?
Include historical considerations including the desire to build settlements on defensive grounds. Factors of legislation and land tenure also affect the position of present settlement patterns and their locations. For example most settlements were located on higher ground which was easier to defend.
What act influenced the settlement of Zimbabwe?
Much of the settlement in Zimbabwe especially in communal areas are hugely influenced by the Land Apportionment Act of 1930.
What are settlements now being planned according to?
Settlements are now being planned according to human preferences and desires.
What are the factors that influence settlement patterns?
Accessibility. The need to communicate with other areas for trade and travel purposes is another important factor that influences settlement patterns. Settlements are often located along transport routes and communication lines. These may be roads, railway lines or water routes.
Where are settlements located?
A lot of settlements are located near natural resources that are necessary for people’s livelihood.
Why were river bends and pronounced meanders important to European settlements?
In European settlements river bends and pronounced meanders formed important settlements as they were favored as defensive sites.
What are the factors that determine the site of a settlement?
Site factors include landforms, climate, vegetation, availability of water, soil quality, minerals, and wildlife. Examples of site factors include whether an area is protected by mountains ...
What is situation in geography?
The "situation" is defined as the location of a place relative to its surroundings and other places. Factors included in an area's situation include the accessibility of the location, the extent of a place's connections with another, and how close an area may be to raw materials if they are not located specifically on the site.
What are some examples of economic downtrodden areas in Canada?
Like an area's site, however, its situation can also cause problems. For example, Canada 's eastern provinces of New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island are some of that country's most economically downtrodden areas, due in large part to their situations. These areas are isolated from the rest of Canada, which makes manufacturing and the little agriculture possible too expensive. There are very few natural resources in proximity to these provinces. Many are off the coast; due to maritime laws, the government of Canada itself controls the resources. Moreover, the traditional fishing economies of the region are today crashing along with the fish populations.
Why do geographers study cities?
Geographers often study the reasons why cities develop where they do and what factors lead to a settlement becoming a large city over time or remaining as a small village. Some of the reasons behind these growth patterns are related to the area's site and its situation. "Site" and "situation" are two essential concepts in the study ...
What is the study of settlement patterns?
The study of settlement patterns is one of the most important subjects of urban geography. Settlements can range in size from a small village with a few hundred residents to a metropolitan city of over one million people. Geographers often study the reasons why cities develop where they do and what factors lead to a settlement becoming ...
Why is it so difficult to enter the Himalayas?
Because of its remote location in the Himalayas, entering the country is challenging and, historically, this has been beneficial because the mountains have been a form of protection. The heartland of the nation has never been invaded.
Why did people settle in New York City?
As people arrived in North America from Europe, they began to settle in this area because it had a coastal location with a natural harbor. There was also an abundance of fresh water in the nearby Hudson River and small creeks, as well as raw materials ...
What are some taboos and beliefs related with rural settlement?
It is found almost everywhere in the world that there are some taboos and beliefs related with rural settlement. There are taboos and beliefs regarding the homesteads in rural areas. Religion is one of the major factors, which guided the formations of rural houses in Bangladesh. People’s religious belief and culture is reflected over the rural settlements and homestead through the transformation process of rural housing. By the transformation of rural housing certain characteristics like building materials, utilities of space and construction technologies are changed but some elements are conserved as a part of the heritage and beliefs. As transformation is a continuous process, these conservations are carried out by some vernacular way which this paper is discussed about. Keywords: Housing transformation, religious beliefs, cultural heritage, vernacular architecture, rural settlement.
What are the factors that affect rural Bangladesh?
The rural housing in Bangladesh is traditionally effected by many cultural and environmental factors. These transformations are studied along with the spatial allocation of some homestead cases, identified as permanent and floating households.
What is the purpose of the study based on secondary source materials?
The purpose of this study based on secondary source materials is to reinterpret and classify settlement typology that has relevance to the Bengal Delta. The theoretical analysis were used to figure out the Delta Settlement typologies and to study commonalities or core issues related to settlement formation. This desktop study together with available literature shows that many studies were carried out on the evolution of settlements and also on patterns of settlements. Globally settlements were seen to be fundamentally classified into two broad groups on the basis of their historic origin, that is, hunters and gatherers settlements and settled agricultural settlements. Among the settled agricultural pattern, there is a subgroup of wet-rice cultivation culture. Studies show that Bengal Delta typology is situated in a special thread of 'rain-fed rice cultivation culture' in the 'warm-humid' Bengal Delta region. With this textual footing, several conceptual ideas were evaluated and finally, the five principles of Doxiadis regarding the universal settlement formulation specifying the core components have been found relevant and also Mowla's hypothesis for settlement formation in the warm humid Bengal Delta has been found to be of relevance to explain the formation and evolution of the settlements model of the Bengal Delta found through the historic interpretation of old documents and subsequent studies.
What are the two groups of settlements?
Globally settlements were seen to be fundamentally classified into two broad groups on the basis of their historic origin, that is, hunters and gatherers settlements and settled agricultural settlements. Among the settled agricultural pattern, there is a subgroup of wet-rice cultivation culture.
How does river erosion affect Bangladesh?
Bangladesh is suffering from acquitting riverbank erosion, which forces millions of her population to be displaced from their place of origin. In many developed nations, housing for such a population is a common practice. Such a settlement offers protection and sometimes establishes livelihoods for the victims of river erosion. The present study is an academic exercise to find out some practical solutions for housing for people who are displaced due to river erosion. It was divided into two parts where the first part was studying through a survey on three different localities of Bangladesh, and the second part was an architectural design exercise with a hypothetical site at the context in the same locations that were surveyed in the first part. Unique findings came out from three syntheses through a design exercise by undergraduate level students. Findings show the possibilities of designing sustainable solutions in spatial distribution, construction, socio-cultural, as well as the physical environment. The study has significant implications for the sustainable and environment-friendly framework to develop housing for disaster-prone areas.
Why are homesteads being reviewed?
Selected homesteads have been reviewed based on their type and extent of transformation and reasons behind the changes. Due to rapid changes in the social and economic situation, rural settlements are heading towards this transformation.
What is a site correlated with?
geographical location and ecological conditio ns. A site is correlated with precise characteristics o f
How to distinguish between site and situation?
The easiest way to differentiate them is to remember that the site of an area is its exact location and the situation describes its surrounding areas and physical features. Favorable features of site and situation will ensure that the city will be able to thrive and survive. The site of a city that has access to a good water supply, abundant sources of fuel, natural barriers against invasion and a temperate climate all point to progress and growth. The situation of the city in relation to other settlements in the region is advantageous to its future.
What is the origin, function, and growth of a particular settlement?
The origin, function, and growth of a particular settlement depend upon both its site, as well as its situation. Settlements can be rural, a small village, for example, with a small population, or urban, as a large city with a population in tens of millions. Site and situation can be confusing, even to those familiar with human geography.
What are the factors that influence urbanization?
Two of those factors are site and situation. Site and situation influence the origin, function, and growth of cities ...
Why were rivers important to the development of cities?
You must also consider the ability to trade when choosing a site for a city. Bodies of water were vital to trade in preindustrial times to allow trade through their ports. Most of the world’s largest cities were settled on rivers, particularly in the location where they reach the ocean or sea. Many times, this was the first point that explorers landed.
What are the advantages of a favorable site?
Cities with potential for growth have the advantage of a favorable site. Those favorable conditions would be access to a plentiful/potable water source, material for building homes and businesses, an abundant source of fuel for energy, natural barriers to defend the city against enemies and mother nature, climate, flora/fauna, and condition of the soil.
What is the site of a city?
A city’s site refers to the actual physical attributes of the place it occupies. The land could be flat or hilly. It could lie on a river or a lake. It could have a deep water port. It could have obstacles for expansion like ridges or marshes. These are conditions that people consider when choosing the site of a city if those conditions are favorable for living.
Why were the first explorers able to land on hilltops?
Rome, Athens, and Jerusalem were built on hilltops because they were a natural barrier for the defense of the city.
What is rural settlement?
Rural Settlements: These are the dwelling places of people who directly or indirectly depend on land. They are dominated by primary activities such as agriculture, fishing etc.
Why are rural settlements found near or around water bodies such as lakes, ponds and rivers?
Water supply: Generally the rural settlements are found near or around water bodies such as lakes, ponds and rivers because of the water supply is easily available.
What are the problems of urbanization?
Over urbanisation or uncontrolled urbanisation has given rise to slums making urban life more miserable with ecological degradation and social problems. 2.
What is the residential area that is physically and socially deteriorated and in which satisfactory life is impossible?
5. Scattering of slums: Slums are the residential areas an urban locality that are physically and socially deteriorated and in which satisfactory life is impossible.
What do people have in urban settlements?
4. In urban settlements, people have got facilities of roads, electric power, water supply etc.
What are the social problems of big cities?
Social Problems: Rapid growth of urban population in big cities responsible for various social problems, such as housing problem, transport facilities, education, health and various other amenities.
What is the site of a settlement?
The Site of a settlement describes the physical nature of where it is located. Factors such as water supply, building materials, quality of soil, climate, shelter and defence were all considered when settlements were first established. For instance, the site of Sydne y, in Australia, initially took advantage of the excellent natural harbour ...
Why is water important in a settlement?
Water supply is probably the single most important factor in deciding where a settlement might be located. Not only do rivers provide a source of clean drinking water, they also provide a food source through fishing, and a transport route.
Why is shelter important in the UK?
Shelter is also very important, particularly from the cold northerly winds and prevailing south westerly winds in the UK. A good example of settlements being sheltered by their natural surroundings are the many spring-line settlements found along the base of the chalk escarpments of the North and South Downs. These settlements would also have benefited from the good water source and fertile farmland nearby.
What is the most famous settlement in South Africa?
Settlements in South Africa have grown after the discovery of large deposits of precious metals such as gold. The most famous settlement grew due to finding gold is San Francisco, after the gold rush to California in 1849.
What were the most important resources for early settlers?
Resources. The idea of resources covers a huge number of different things. For early settlers the most important resources were fuel, building materials and food . Settlements grew in areas where wood was plentiful, stone easily accessible and good soil allowed agriculture to be developed.
What are some examples of wet point sites?
Examples of wet point sites include the towns and villages of the Welsh valleys, which tend to extend along the flat valley floor, rather than up the steep valley sides. Spring line settlements in the North and South Downs, England are also good examples of wet point sites. 4. Defence.
What is a dry point site?
A dry point site is one that is slightly raised from the surrounding area, meaning that it is less likely to flood. Ely in Cambridgeshire, England, is a good example of dry point site. 3. Wet point sites. Wet point site refers to any site that has access to water, usually through being beside a river.