Full Answer
What is the population of Karamoja in Uganda?
about 1.2 million peopleOverall population in Karamoja is estimated at about 1.2 million people, with about 70 percent residing in rural areas. With more than 27,000 square kilometres, this arid expanse of savannah and bush forms the northeast edge of Uganda where it borders Kenya and the Sudan.
Why is Karamoja region sparsely populated?
Human welfare, living conditions and quality of life of the people in Karamoja have declined considerably due to various factors such as environmental issues, insecurity, marginalization, illiteracy, poor health, and poor infrastructure.
How many districts are in Karamoja?
seven districtsThe Karamoja region consists of seven districts in northeastern Uganda (Kaabong, Kotido, Abim, Moroto, Napak, Amudat and Nakapiripirit).
Why are valley dams important to people living in Karamoja sub region?
Kobebe and Nakicumet dams in Moroto and Napak districts respectively are the most important watering sources in the event of an extended dry period. These two dams similarly have high potentials of providing multiple benefits to the communities by providing water for irrigation and fisheries.
What type of climate is found in Karamoja region?
CLIMATE SUMMARY Unlike most of Uganda, which has two distinct rainy seasons, Karamoja has historically had a single long rainy period between April and November. Rainfall peaks during April and May, with a break typically in June. Rains then return in July or August and continue through November.
Which language is spoken in Kotido?
It borders the districts of Kitgum in the west, Moroto in the south, the republic of Kenya in the east and Sudan in the north. 596,130 people, 298,640 female, 297,490male. MAIN LANGUAGE; Ng'akarimojong.
What language do the Acholi speak?
Acholi is a tonal Luo language belonging to the Nilotic branch of African languages. It is spoken in Acholiland in northern Uganda and some parts of Sudan. The Acholi are part of the Luo-speaking Nilotic peoples who moved into Uganda from southern Sudan between 1400-1800 AD.
Which language is spoken by the Karamojong?
NgakarimojongThe Karamojong language is a Nilotic language spoken mainly in the Karamoja subregion of north-eastern Uganda. Ngakarimojong is a Nilotic language of the Nilo-Saharan language family spoken by at least 370,000 people in Uganda – the Karamojong people, or ŋiKarimojoŋ in their language.
Where is Karamojong?
UgandaThe Karamojong or Karimojong are a Nilotic ethnic group. They are agro-pastoral herders living mainly in the north-east of Uganda.
What minerals are found in Karamoja?
Karamoja is endowed with a vast array of metallic and industrial minerals that have the potential to be developed commercially. A 2011 survey found that the region contains over 50 minerals including gold, limestone, uranium, marble, graphite, gypsum, iron, wolfram, nickel, copper, cobalt, lithium, and tin.
Why would an area be sparsely populated?
In addition, areas with extreme climates, whether hot or cold, are usually sparsely populated. Population density is also affected by political and economic reasons. Areas, which are politically unstable, are often sparsely populated.
Why are northern parts of Kenya sparsely populated?
Example is the north eastern province of Kenya which is sparsely populated because of harsh climatic conditions that do not favour human settlement. High mountains with steep slopes discourage human settlement and farming because the soils in these areas are prone to erosion.
Why some areas are sparsely populated class 8?
Natural Vegetation: Dense and inaccessible forests grow in hot and humid areas. Such conditions discourage population habitation. Therefore, the Amazon and the Congo basins have no large settlements and the population density is very low.
Why are places sparsely populated?
Places which are sparsely populated contain few people....Human FactorsHigh DensityLow DensityEconomicGood job opportunities encourage high population densities, particularly in large cities in MEDCs and LEDCs around the world.Limited job opportunities cause some areas to be sparsely populated e.g. Amazon Rainforest2 more rows
What was the main reason for Karamojong's exploitation in Kampala?
Based on interviews in Kobulin, Karamojong face exploitation in Kampala in almost every aspect of trying to meet basic needs, and had to pay high rates to acquire shelter, food, water, health care and the use of a toilet. People were also exploited economically and often had to struggle to maintain their own physical integrity.4
What are the two groups of migrants from Bokora?
The second are those who end up on the streets of Kampala and other major cities, where they engage in a range of livelihood strategies that may include begging (usually through using children), sweeping mills in exchange for collecting fallen grain, childcare for children of relatives living in the city, unloading lorries, stocking stores, collecting and selling metal found in garbage dumps and working other odd jobs. As in many poor urban environments, some Karamojong children, in particular those who have been abandoned, largely survive off begging, collecting and selling scrap metal and rubbish and eating garbage.
What were the issues at Kobulin?
Immediate issues included the shortage of food at Kobulin,8 the lack of transport for those still waiting to return to their home areas, the unfulfilled promises that they had been offered as incentives to return, and the failure to secure a resettlement site for those who did not want to return to their communities of origin. A woman who was one of the few people from Pian at the site worried about possible ethnic tensions with the Bokora, especially if there were to be a raid or any other security incident. She had been waiting for a bus to take her to Namalu for several days and was told repeatedly that it was arriving imminently.
Why did people leave Bokora?
Most adults and children left Bokora for a combination of reasons, including increased insecurity (which is often a contributing or causal factor in the other destabilizing processes), loss of livestock, a series of poor harvests, death of breadwinners or key family members, poverty, and the weakening or collapse of social safety nets. When these shocks occurred simultaneously or in succession, individuals or households found that they were unable to meet their survival needs.
Where were the people picked up in Kampala?
Having presented the larger context of Bokora out-migration, we now turn to the case of persons picked up on the streets of Kampala and taken to a site in Bokora County called Kobulin. It is important to note that the dominant factor that this population shares is that at least one family member was rounded up in Kampala and deposited back in Karamoja. The majority of these people were removed from the streets in raids or sweeps conducted by Kampala City Council (KCC) officers or the Kampala police. They were then sent to Kampiringisa Rehabilitation Centre, which was serving as a detention site and holding center prior to return to Karamoja and arrival at the Kobulin reception site.3 Because of the ad hoc way in which these people came to be in Kobulin, we cannot say that they represent the larger Karamojong or even Bokora population in Kampala. Likewise, we cannot say that they do not represent this population. Simply put, we are unable to make broader suppositions or claims one way or the other based on the way in which this ‘sample’ was drawn.
Is Karamoja a voluntary return?
Any process of return to Karamoja should be one of facilitated voluntary return based on informed consent, not one of coercion, detention and forced removal and return. To this end, all aspects of the return process should be voluntary and based upon full and transparent information provided to people who might consider return.
What is the Karamojong culture?
The Karamojong are traditionalists who take a lot of pride in their culture and customs. They habor foreign interference with their traditional lifestyle and view new trends in life, education, travel, technology, dress and fashion, housing, medicine, religion, and many others as an unnecessary inconvenience.
Where are the Karamojong from?
The Karamojong are an ethnic community and indigenous residents of Kaabong, Kotido, Amudat, Napak, Moroto, Abim and Nakapiripirit districts of northeastern Uganda. The Karamojong are descendants of Nyangatom of Ethiopia; a nomadic pastoralist community who migrated south around 1600 AD in search of permanent grazing lands and water for their livestock. Along the migration, the group bisected one group migrated to Kenya along the shores of Lake Turkana and acquired the name Turkana. The Turkana intermarried with the earlier settlers in the area and their offsprings are Maasai and Kalenjin.
Why do Karamojong pray?
The Karamojong pray to pay allegiance to Akuj, their traditional god who they believe gave them birthright of all the cattle in Karamoja region and the world beyond . The life of a traditional Karamojong rotates around livestock, cattle in particular.
What does "ekar imojong" mean?
The Jie youths in their language ridiculed their elders “ekar imojong” meaning the old men are tired and cannot walk any further. The Jie youths intermarried with indigenous communities and the offsprings are the Itesot of Eastern Uganda. The Karamojong speak a language called Nga Karamojong and their traditional culture called Nagi Karamojong.
What weapons did the Karamojong use?
The Karamojong cattle rustlers were dead squads, armed with lethal weapons; spear, arrows, machetes and AK47s. Not anything, standing in Karamojong cattle rustler way ...
Why are there thorny fences in the Karamojong?
Thorny fences and wood encircle the manyatta for protection against raids from other cattle rustlers and wild animals. Livestock kraals are located in the center of the manyatta, men set campfire and keep guard overnight. This highlight the importance livestock has to the Karamojong.
What do women do in the homestead?
The women cultivate land to grow food crops in rainy season, process dairy products, fetch water from watering holes and prepare meals for the family.
What is the Karamoja region?
Karamoja region has diverse soils and climatic conditions. It is influenced by variations in altitude, topography, and considerable mineral deposits. It shares a common border with Kenya, which offers a wide range of marketing opportunities. The potential for livestock production is high despite frequent flash floods and drought conditions.
Where is Karamoja located?
Karamoja region is located in north-eastern Uganda. Historically, Karamoja has been a pastoral area, suited for livestock husbandry. Crop production, which is less reliable, has of recent emerged as an important source of household food and income in some areas. Although there are similarities to other pastoralists in East Africa, few households are self-sufficient in food and most rely on exchange for much of their staple food.
When did FEWS Net develop the livelihood zones of Uganda?
In 2009, FEWS NET developed the national livelihood zones of Uganda. The livelihood zones of Karamoja region were named as follows: (i) the
When is the rainy season in Moroto?
The rainy season starts in April and ends in October. These rains are normally adequate for crop production. The main crops grown are maize and sorghum for both household consumption and cash income. The Tepeth of Mt Moroto utilize the September rains and favourable mountain climate conditions to produce beans, vegetables ( spinach) and maize normally sold in the month of December in Moroto Town. Agricultural work starts with land preparation in January to April, followed by sowing or planting in the month of March to May and July to August. Harvesting of all crops starts with green consumption in June to October and later December to January which are mainly dedicated to threshing of cereal crops.
What are the key elements of a livelihood zone?
3. Participants identified each livelihood zone using the four key elements (geography, production, markets and consumption ), which holistically constitute a livelihood zone. They also defined and documented the key characteristics of each livelihood zone, produced seasonal and consumption calendars, and set out salient market characteristics for each zone, providing the basic information presented in the livelihood zone descriptions.
What is livelihood zone?
HEA defines a livelihood zone as a geographic area in which households obtain their basic survival needs, notably food and cash income, in relatively similar ways. This means that they also typically have similar socio-economic groupings with similar asset bases, as well as relatively similar consumption patterns. These similarities apply to both good and bad years, in that coping strategies in response to shocks are also relatively similar within the same livelihood zone.
When were livelihood baselines used?
These livelihood baselines have been consecutively used (2010, 2011 and 2012) for seasonal outcome analysis assessments. The most recent outcome analysis which covered all three zones projected significant survival and livelihood deficits for the very poor group in one of the zones. The projections were for the 2012-13 consumption year.
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Applying livestock thresholds to examine poverty in Karamoja
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Large-scale development interventions have long failed to accommodate the needs and preferences of pastoralists or the systems of resource governance and land tenure upon which they rely. However, advocates of...
The role of culture in influencing sexual and reproductive health of pastoral adolescent girls in Karamoja sub-region in Uganda
Sexual and reproductive health (SRH) is vital for general health. However, problems of SRH such as unwanted pregnancies, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and complications during pregnancy and childbirt...
Friendship, kinship and social risk management strategies among pastoralists in Karamoja, Uganda
This paper describes risk-pooling friendships and other social networks among pastoralists in Karamoja, Uganda. Social networks are of critical importance for risk management in an environment marked by volati...
Effects of development interventions on pastoral livelihoods in Turkana County, Kenya
Turkana County has a long history of drought and development interventions and remains one of the poorest counties in Kenya. In Turkana, livelihoods are increasingly under threat because of climate change, con...
What are the livelihood zones in Karamoja?
The Karamoja region covers three types of livelihood zones (agro-ecological zones) that run north to south and reflect different soils and rainfall patterns (see map on page 1): Pastoral – a semi-arid zone where livelihoods revolve around livestock production (cattle, goats and sheep) with crop cultivation in years of adequate rainfall focused on millet, cowpeas and groundnuts. Average annual rainfall is less than 300–500 mm. Soils are predominantly sandy and of low fertility. These lands have been overgrazed and shortage of pasture forces nomadic movements during the prolonged dry season (September to April), leading to competition for scarce resources and thus conflict. The pastoral zone in Karamoja is part of a cluster of pastoral and agropastoral areas that also include areas of Kenya, South Sudan and Ethiopia.
How to manage pastures in Karamoja?
Management techniques even without consideration of climate risks include: 1) movements from kraalto kraalto reduce overgrazing pressures, 2) daily migration of 12–14 km to grazing areas, 3) combination stocking (mixed numbers of cattle, sheep and goats) adjusted to available grass type at preferred sites, 4) changing watering regimes with available resources, 5) controlled burning of pasture, 6) switching to tree and woody vegetation browsing or transporting animals back to kraalswhen pasture grasses are scarce, and 7) visits to nearby mineral-rich areas.
When does Karamoja rain?
Unlike most of Uganda, which has two distinct rainy seasons, Karamoja has historically had a single long rainy period between April and November. Rainfall peaks during April and May, with a break typically in June. Rains then return in July or August and continue through November. Annual average rainfall ranges between 300 mm in the pastoral regions to 1200 mm in western areas of Abim and Nakapiripirit (figure 1a). Average annual temperatures range from 16°C in the highlands to 24 C in the rest of the region (figure 1b).
What are the crops grown in Karamoja?
Other crops grown include beans, groundnuts, cassava and sweet potatoes. The majority of farming is of a subsistence nature, although the western region also grows vegetables for markets (e.g., cash crops). Soil fertility in most of Karamoja is poor. South Karamoja’s soil types have very limited water retention capacity, cracking during the dry season and becoming waterlogged during the wet season. Soils are highly compacted in general, often forming a dense mass called hardpan. With the exception of less compacted and more nutrient-rich soils along dry river courses, most of the soils in the region are of low fertility. These poor-quality soils, which produce low yields at the best of times, make agricultural production especially vulnerable to temperature increases and drought, conditions likely to be exacerbated by climate change. Cropping cycles are defined by the onset of the rains in April (figure 5). First plantings begin in March–April, with second plantings of earlier maturing crops such as beans, sweet potatoes and millet in August/September where soil and rain conditions allow. Cassava is now increasingly being planted in the western and central districts as a cash and subsistence crop.
How often does Karamoja experience drought?
Cyclic droughts occur every two to three years. The episodic nature of these events means that most of the region’s population is typically affected by a sequence of shocks that pose significant challenges to livelihood security (figure 3). The main climate-related shocks in the region include erratic and unevenly distributed rainfall, which can result in: Droughts (generally between April–June)
Where are agglomerated villages located?
Agglomerated villages are common in river valleys and coastal lowlands in rural areas, ranging from a few houses to several hundred. Villages are frequently located along the foothills facing toward the south , backed by hills that give protection from the severe northwestern winter winds. Small clustered fishing villages are found along the coastline. In contrast to the lowlands, settlements in mountain areas are usually scattered. The pace of urbanization in South Korea since 1960 has caused considerable depopulation of rural areas, and the traditional rural lifestyle has been slowly fading away.
What happened to the population of South Korea in 1960?
South Korea’s population more than doubled over the second half of the 20th century. From 1960, however, birth rates decreased rapidly, and the population growth rate was almost negligible by the beginning of the 21st century. During the same period, mortality rates also slowed, reflecting an overall increase in living standards.
What are the main demographic issues in South Korea?
The rapid increase in the urban population and the resultant depopulation of vast rural areas are South Korea’s main demographic issues. More than four-fifths of the population is classified as urban; roughly half the population lives in the country’s seven largest cities.
How many people migrated to South Korea after World War II?
The most important migration, however, was the north-to-south movement of people after World War II, especially the movement that occurred during and after the Korean War. About two million people migrated to South Korea from the North during that period, settling largely in the major cities.
Where is the Chong-no area?
Traffic in the Chong-no ( Jongno) area of Seoul, South Korea.