what are settlement patterns

Key Takeaways: Settlement Patterns

• The study of settlement patterns in archaeology involves a set of techniques and analytical methods to examine the cultural past of a region.
• The method allows examination of sites in their contexts, as well as interconnectedness and change across time.
• Methods include surface survey assisted by aerial photography and LiDAR.

Full Answer

What are the three main types of settlement patterns?

What are three types of rural settlement?

• Metro.
• Suburb.
• Big satellite town.
• Mid-size town.
• Small town.
• Village & Settlement cluster.
• Sparse settlement.

What factors affect settlement patterns?

• Factors that Influence Settlement.
• Physical factors.
• Drainage/rivers.
• Land quality.
• Altitude and relief.
• Coastal location.
• Human factors.
• Communications.

What are the different types of settlements?

What types of settlements are there?

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What do settlement patterns mean?

The shape of early settlements was usually influenced by the surrounding landcape:

• a dispersed settlement pattern is where the buildings are spread out and is often found in upland areas;
• a nucleated settlement pattern is where a lot of buildings are grouped together and is often found in lowland areas;
• a linear settlement pattern is where the buildings are built in lines and is often found on steep hillsides.

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What are the 3 types of settlement patterns?

There are generally three types of settlements: compact, semi-compact, and dispersed.

What are the 5 types of settlement patterns?

There are 5 types of settlement classified according to their pattern, these are, isolated, dispersed, nucleated, and linear.

What are the 3 rural settlement patterns?

12.2: Rural Settlement PatternsCompact Rural Settlements.Linear Rural Settlements.Circular Rural Settlements.

What are settlement patterns studies?

The study of settlement patterns in archaeology involves a set of techniques and analytical methods to examine the cultural past of a region. The method allows examination of sites in their contexts, as well as interconnectedness and change across time.

What are the 4 types of settlements?

The four main types of settlements are urban, rural, compact, and dispersed.

What are 2 main types of settlement?

Settlements can broadly be divided into two types – rural and urban.

What is importance of settlement?

The function of a settlement helps to identify the economic and social development of a place and can show its main activity. Most large settlements have more than one function though in the past one function was maybe the most important in defining the success and growth in importance of the settlement.

What is settlement explain its types with examples?

There are 5 types of settlement classified according to their pattern, these are, isolated, dispersed, nucleated, and linear. ... In a nucleated or compact settlement, the buildings are clustered, linked by roads, and the settlement itself may have a nearly circular or irregular shape.

What is an example of a settlement?

An example of a settlement is when divorcing parties agree on how to split up their assets. An example of a settlement is when you buy a house and you and the sellers sign all the documents to officially transfer the property. An example of settlement is when the colonists came to America.

What are types of settlement?

Rural settlements in India can broadly be put into four types: • Clustered, agglomerated or nucleated, • Semi-clustered or fragmented, • Hamleted, and • Dispersed or isolated.

What are the factors affecting settlement patterns?

Where people settle is determined by the main factors such as physical environment,demographic, natural, transportation, economic and social concerns.

What is the meaning of settlement geography?

Referring to Stone (1960), settlement geography is. the description and analysis of the distribution of buildings by which people attach themselves to the land. Further, that the geography of settling designate the action of erecting buildings in order to occupy an area temporarily or permanently.

What are types of Class 7 settlements?

Settlements can be permanent or temporary.Temporary Settlement. Settlements which are occupied for a short time Eire called temporary settlements. ... Permanent Settlement. Under permanent settlements, people build homes to live in.

What are the 4 types of rural settlement?

Rural settlements in India can broadly be put into four types: • Clustered, agglomerated or nucleated, • Semi-clustered or fragmented, • Hamleted, and • Dispersed or isolated. intervening streets present some recognisable pattern or geometric shape, such as rectangular, radial, linear, etc.

How many types of settlements are there class 7?

Settlements are of two types, temporary settlements in which a group of houses are built for a short period of time, and permanent settlements in which homes are built for a long period of time.

What are the different types of human settlements?

Human settlements can broadly be divided into two types – rural and urban. Rural settlements: Rural settlements are most closely and directly related to land.

Why is settlement pattern important?

The settlement pattern makes clear why good stratigraphy was obtained in what is normally a difficult context, that of a stratified series of villages. The reason is that, once abandoned, structures were never disturbed . Burials within the structures were also never drastically disturbed; abandoned houses were abandoned household cemeteries.

What are the factors that influence settlement patterns?

Settlement patterns are influenced by the price of land, available transportation infrastructure, public policy initiatives, and social and ecological processes that are not necessarily quantifiable.

Why is the division of open land areas into prototypical areas important?

Furthermore, the division of open land areas into prototypical areas also makes it possible to evaluate the potential of forests, soil, and peat bogs to serve as carbon sinks. To maintain or enhance this carbon storage capacity, measures to protect ecosystems and improve soil are necessary.

What are the different types of settlements?

There are innumerable geometric possibilities relating to local terrain and location (such as road, canal, riverbank, or spring-line settlements), political conditions, or genesis of the settlements: colonial villages often had defensive functions expressed in linear or circular forms (Figure 2 ). The simpler hamlet clusters which characterized settlement in poorer more difficult agricultural environments were often associated with kinship groups, organic growth of settlements over long periods of time, as well as tribal roots of landownership in the early Middle Ages.

How does settlement affect the environment?

Settlement patterns are partly influenced by population pressure. In urban areas, there is a tendency for the slums to develop in areas which have been designated as flood-prone zones. Settlement on steep slopes as well as cultivation on such lands also tends to increase the vulnerability of the community to landslides. This also increases possibility of increased rates of soil erosion particularly where overgrazing and deforestation have reduced vegetation cover. Modification of river channels through channel straightening can lead to rapid flow of water into streams, thus promoting rapid increase in water level in rivers. Flooding of the low-lying areas often follows this.

How does channel straightening affect river water?

This also increases possibility of increased rates of soil erosion particularly where overgrazing and deforestation have reduced vegetation cover. Modification of river channels through channel straightening can lead to rapid flow of water into streams, thus promoting rapid increase in water level in rivers.

What were the early settlers?

The early settlers were primarily English merchants, traders, and farmers from the Jamestown area seeking better opportunities and freedom from taxation. Among them were small numbers of Irish, Scotch-Irish, and Welsh immigrants. Their southern advance was slow and the date of onset obscure.

Where did the first colonists settle in North Carolina?

Although there had been earlier attempts at settlement by the Spanish and English, the first permanent colonies in North Carolina took hold during the mid-seventeenth century and were scattered along the sounds, rivers, and creeks north of Albemarle Sound, a region then claimed by Virginia. The early settlers were primarily English merchants, traders, and farmers from the Jamestown area seeking better opportunities and freedom from taxation. Among them were small numbers of Irish, Scotch-Irish, and Welsh immigrants. Their southern advance was slow and the date of onset obscure. Some colonists arrived with slaves, and records indicate that lands were sometimes granted or sold by local Indians.

When did the colonists move west into the interior?

1733). As land near the coast became less available, colonists moved west into the interior along rivers and creeks, reaching the Eno River by about 1735.

What is a pattern in a settlement?

Patterns refer to the shape of a settlement, not its density. It's easier to define the compact or semi-compact settlements, as the dispersed settlements are usually too spread out to define a shape. There are many more patterns, but the most common rural settlement patterns are:

Where are linear settlements found?

Linear: These settlements are built in a line of houses. Often, they are found in a long valley, but they can also stretch out along a roadway or riverbank.

What is a semi compact settlement?

Semi-compact types are clusters of houses, also called hamlets, not as tightly placed as compact settlements, but showing a clear grouping and boundary. Dispersed settlements are scattered throughout the rural landscape with farmers building homes directly on their farmland.

What are the factors that make up a dispersed settlement?

Dispersed settlements are the result of many different factors, including the needs of the farm to have permanent attendants, open grasslands, hilly terrains, and relative security that raiders will not attack it. Patterns refer to the shape of a settlement, not its density.

What type of settlements are built around a lake?

We also find this in settlements built all at once. Circular or semi-circular: These types of settlements are often built partway around or completely surrounding a lake or large pond. Circular settlements are also built for defense with a protective wall around the perimeter.

Which settlement has the highest density of population?

Compact settlements have the highest density of population. They have homes stacked together, often touching at the sides or stacked in multi-family buildings. Streets tend to be narrow between the rows of homes. We often find this type of arrangement in highly fertile floodplains.

What are cultural factors?

Cultural factors, including how people traditionally use the land, ideas of ownership, the crops they choose to grow, social hierarchy, and transportation availability.

What are the patterns of rural settlement?

Patterns of rural settlement indicate much about the history, economy, society, and minds of those who created them as well as about the land itself. The essential design of rural activity in the United States bears a strong family resemblance to that of other neo-European lands, such as Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Argentina, or tsarist Siberia —places that have undergone rapid occupation and exploitation by immigrants intent upon short-term development and enrichment. In all such areas, under novel social and political conditions and with a relative abundance of territory and physical resources, ideas and institutions derived from a relatively stable medieval or early modern Europe have undergone major transformation. Further, these are nonpeasant countrysides, alike in having failed to achieve the intimate symbiosis of people and habitat, the humanized rural landscapes characteristic of many relatively dense, stable, earthbound communities in parts of Asia, Africa, Europe, and Latin America.

What are the characteristics of American settlement?

Another special characteristic of American settlement, one that became obvious only by the mid-20th century, is the convergence of rural and urban modes of life. The farmsteads—and rural folk in general—have become increasingly urbanized, and agricultural operations have become more automated, while the metropolis grows more gelatinous, unfocused, and pseudo-bucolic along its margins.

How were townships laid out?

Townships were laid out as blocks, each six by six miles in size, oriented with the compass directions . Thirty-six sections, each one square mile, or 640 acres (260 hectares), in size, were designated within each township; and public roads were established along section lines and, where needed, along half-section lines. At irregular intervals, offsets in survey lines and roads were introduced to allow for the Earth’s curvature. Individual property lines were coincident with, or parallel to, survey lines, and this pervasive rectangularity generally carried over into the geometry of fields and fences or into the townsites later superimposed upon the basic rural survey.

How were farms connected to towns?

Successions of such farms were connected with one another and with the towns by means of a dense, usually rectangular lattice of roads, largely unimproved at the time. The hamlets, villages, and smaller cities were arrayed at relatively regular intervals, with size and affluence determined in large part by the presence and quality of rail service or status as the county seat. But, among people who have been historically rural, individualistic, and antiurban in bias, many services normally located in urban places might be found in rustic settings. Thus, much retail business was transacted by means of itinerant peddlers, while small shops for the fabrication, distribution, or repair of various items were often located in isolated farmsteads, as were many post offices.

What is the impression of the settled portion of the American landscape, rural or urban, is one of disorder and inco?

The overall impression of the settled portion of the American landscape, rural or urban, is one of disorder and incoherence, even in areas of strict geometric survey. The individual landscape unit is seldom in visual harmony with its neighbour, so that, however sound in design or construction the single structure may be, the general effect is untidy. These attributes have been intensified by the acute individualism of the American, vigorous speculation in land and other commodities, a strongly utilitarian attitude toward the land and the treasures above and below it, and government policy and law. The landscape is also remarkable for its extensive transportation facilities, which have greatly influenced the configuration of the land.

How did pre-European settlements affect the United States?

Although the land that now constitutes the United States was occupied and much affected by diverse Indian cultures over many millennia, these pre-European settlement patterns have had virtually no impact upon the contemporary nation—except locally, as in parts of New Mexico. A benign habitat permitted a huge contiguous tract of settled land to materialize across nearly all the eastern half of the United States and within substantial patches of the West. The vastness of the land, the scarcity of labour, and the abundance of migratory opportunities in a land replete with raw physical resources contributed to exceptional human mobility and a quick succession of ephemeral forms of land use and settlement. Human endeavours have greatly transformed the landscape, but such efforts have been largely destructive. Most of the pre-European landscape in the United States was so swiftly and radically altered that it is difficult to conjecture intelligently about its earlier appearance.

Where is checkerboard pattern found?

A systematic rectangular layout, rather less rigorous in form, also appears in much of Texas and in those portions of Maine, western New York and Pennsylvania, and southern Georgia that were settled after the 1780s.

Demographic trends

South Korea’s population more than doubled over the second half of the 20th century. From 1960, however, birth rates decreased rapidly, and the population growth rate was almost negligible by the beginning of the 21st century. During the same period, mortality rates also slowed, reflecting an overall increase in living standards.

Economy

The South Korean economy has grown remarkably since the early 1960s. In that time, South Korea transformed itself from a poor agrarian society to one of the world’s most highly industrialized nations.

Anthropological Underpinnings

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