Rural settlement in Nigeria, which manifests the cultural and historical values of the people, has therefore suffered. With the surge of population from the rural area into the old residential areas of the city, characterised by low incomes and rent, squatting and overcrowding problems were the result.
What are the different types of settlements in Nigeria?
Densely populated settlements occur along the coast, in the Yoruba-inhabited area in the southwest, and in the Hausa- and Kanuri-inhabited areas of the far north. In parts of the Igbo and the Anang-Ibibio-inhabited areas in the southeast and the Tiv-inhabited areas in the central region, settlements consist of dispersed homesteads called compounds.
What percentage of Nigeria's land area is controlled by rural areas?
ONYEMELUKWE University of Ibadan, Nigeria Nigeria's rural sector accounts for no less than 98 % of the 98.3 million hectares comprising the country's land area.
Where do most people live in Nigeria?
About half of the people live in rural areas. Densely populated settlements occur along the coast, in the Yoruba-inhabited area in the southwest, and in the Hausa- and Kanuri-inhabited areas of the far north.
Why integrated rural development projects in Nigeria?
It is on this account that the integrated rural development projects in Nigeria were designed to ensure that agricultural and rural development efforts became part of a package of services offered to farmers and the rural population In Africa the factors hampering rural development according to Muhammed (2007) include:
What is meant by rural settlement?
The settlement where the occupation of majority of people relate to the local natural resources are called rural settlement for example, (1) settlement of fisheries along a sea coast, (2) settlement of tribal people in the forest area and (3) settlement of farmers along the banks of rivers.
What are the types of rural settlement in Nigeria?
There are three main types of settlements in rural areas classified according to population density and spread. They include compact settlements, semi-compact settlements, and dispersed settlements.
What is rural areas in Nigeria?
In Nigeria however, a single criterion of population size obtained through census is still being used to define rural areas. The Nigeria 1991 population census defines a rural area as a settlement with less than 20,000 inhabitants (Ignatius, 2010) .
What are the types of settlement in Nigeria?
There are 5 types of settlement classified according to their pattern, these are, isolated, dispersed, nucleated, and linear.
What are the characteristics of rural settlement?
Size of the Community: The village communities are smaller in area than the urban communities. ... Density of Population: ... The primacy of Agriculture: ... Close Contact with Nature. ... Homogeneity of Population: ... Social Stratification: ... Social Interaction: ... Social Solidarity:
What are the main functions of a rural settlement?
Communities living in rural settlement are predominantly involved in primary activities such as farming, lumbering and mining. On the other hand, unban communities are engaged predominantly in secondary and tertiary activities such as construction, food processing, banking research etc.
What are the problems of rural areas in Nigeria?
Rural areas are regarded as abodes of diseases, superstition, poverty, lethargy, low income and low productivity. This problem, which is primarily due to government non sustainable policy action towards rural transformation, is responsible for the poor state of affairs among rural dwellers in Nigeria.
What are the main problems in rural areas?
Rural areas have poor roads and infrastructure. They lack proper housing, even though 82.4% of the population lives in formal dwellings, with 4.9% in informal dwellings and 12.3% in traditional dwellings.
What is the rural population of Nigeria?
Nigeria rural population for 2020 was 99,033,580, a 0.89% increase from 2019. Nigeria rural population for 2019 was 98,156,653, a 0.92% increase from 2018.
What are 4 types of settlement?
The four main types of settlements are urban, rural, compact, and dispersed.
What are the differences between rural and urban settlements?
Urban settlements usually refer to cities, suburbs and towns. Urban areas have more development in terms of access to infrastructure and connectivity like airports, ports, railways, housing, roads etc. Rural areas usually don't have much development in terms of infrastructure.
What are 2 main types of settlement?
Settlements can broadly be divided into two types – rural and urban.
What are the types of settlement?
The four main types of settlements are urban, rural, compact, and dispersed. Urban settlements are densely populated and are mostly non-agricultural. They are known as cities or metropolises and are the most populated type of settlement. These settlements take up the most land, resources, and services.
What are the three types of settlement?
There are generally three types of settlements: compact, semi-compact, and dispersed.
What are the different types of urban settlements?
Types of Urban SettlementsTown. A town is the closest term to a rural settlement. ... City. Cities are much larger in size and population than towns. ... Conurbation. Conurbation is applied to large areas of urban settlement that are combined. ... Megalopolis.
What is urban settlement in Nigeria?
In Nigeria, an urban area is defined as an area with a population size of $20,000 people, with basic social and physical infrastructure and so designated through a legal or administrative instruments.
Where did Nigerians migrate to?
Before the end of the country’s civil war in 1970, many Nigerians emigrated to work in Benin, Ghana, Equatorial Guinea, Cameroon, and Sierra Leone . African migration into Nigeria began about 1972 and was officially encouraged in 1978 by the establishment of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), under which the citizens of member states were guaranteed free movement. In the early 1980s a downturn in the Nigerian economy and the alleged involvement of foreigners in religious riots prompted the government to reverse its immigration policy. By 1985 some 2.7 million aliens had been expelled; such measures, however, have not been repeated. The actions of the series of military governments in the 1980s and ’90s caused many Nigerian citizens to immigrate to Europe and the United States.
Where do migrants come from in Nigeria?
Large numbers of southern migrants have settled in the northern cities of Kano, Sokoto, Kaduna, and Jos, while seasonal migrants have often moved from the northern Sokoto and Kano areas to southern areas where cacao is grown.
What towns were built as a result of the salt-trading trade between the coastal peoples and Europeans?
The towns of Bonny, Opobo Town, Okrika, Buguma, Brass, Forcados, Creek Town, and Calabar grew from coastal fishing and salt-trading villages into towns as trade (first in slaves and later in agricultural goods) increased between the coastal peoples and Europeans. At the beginning of colonial rule, these port towns had a more cosmopolitan population than the Yoruba towns and the far north, but they were much smaller.
How many towns do Yoruba live in?
About half the Yoruba now live in towns of more than 5,000, notably Ibadan, Ogbomosho, Abeokuta, Ile-Ife, and Oyo.
What is the characteristic of village life?
A characteristic feature of village life is the age-grade system, in which people are grouped together with others of a similar age. This system was more important traditionally—serving to separate males into three-year groupings for purposes of labour and initiation—but its use has diminished.
What is the chief of a village?
In the eastern states, each village has a chief, or headman, who, as one of the oldest and most prosperous men in the community, rules by the consent of the people. In the Yoruba- and Edo-inhabited areas and in most parts of the northern states, the chief is chosen by, or with the consent of, the region’s traditional ruler. A characteristic feature of village life is the age-grade system, in which people are grouped together with others of a similar age. This system was more important traditionally—serving to separate males into three-year groupings for purposes of labour and initiation—but its use has diminished.
What are the settlements called in Igbo?
In parts of the Igbo and the Anang-Ibibio-inhabited areas in the southeast and the Tiv-inhabited areas in the central region, settlements consist of dispersed homesteads called compounds. Each compound houses a man, his immediate family, and some relatives. A number of compounds make up the village, usually inhabited by people claiming ...
Third National Development Plan 1975–1980
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Why was the integrated rural development project implemented in Nigeria?
It is on this premise that the integrated rural development projects in Nigeria were implemented to ensure that agricultural and rural development projects became part of a package of services offered to farmers and the rural population.
What is agriculture in Nigeria?
Agriculture is a predominantly rural activity and efforts at rural development impact considerably on farmers who are the focus of agricultural development efforts. It is on this account that the integrated rural development projects in Nigeria were designed to ensure that agricultural and rural development efforts became part of a package ...
Why is rural development used along side with agricultural development?
Rural development is used along side with with agricultural development. Because there exist a strong interrelationship between agriculture and rural development.
What is rural development?
(1981),Rural development is the process where determined efforts are made to enhance significant increase in rural resources, productivity with the aim of boosting income and creating employment opportunity to people in the rural communities. It consist of an integrated approach to increase food production, provision of physical, social and institutional infrastructures with the objective of providing good healthcare delivery system, affordable and quality education, improved and sustainable agriculture etc.
What is sustained rural development?
This enlarged rural development concept, is referred to as sustained rural development, which takes a long – term view of meeting the needs of the people today without compromising the needs of future generation. Rural Development simply connotes a sustained improvement in the quality of life of the rural people.
Why is rural development important?
It is essential so as to generate foreign exchange, and to attract revenue to finance public and private consumption and investment. Rural development may also be seen as an ideology and a practice. It may mean planned change by public agencies based outside the rural areas such as the National Government and International organizations. Rural Development typifies a sustained development in the quality of life of the rural people.
Why are natural resources not used?
Natural resources, such as water, pastures, forests, and fisheries, are not properly put to use in many countries, since they are viewed as open access resources with limited restraints on who wants to use them.
What Exactly is Rural?
Rural is a difficult term to define. In some senses, it means the landscape and habitations outside of cities and towns. But what about small towns and villages surrounded by fields? For our purposes, rural refers to areas outside of cities where a large amount of the surrounding land is used for agriculture or animal pastures. This also helps delineate non-city areas that are just forested, something you wouldn't often think of as rural.
Where does a triangular settlement occur?
Triangular: This type of settlement usually occurs at a crossroads of two major routes, filling one corner of the intersection and going outward with the roads as the boundaries. This also occurs where two rivers meet.
What is a semi compact settlement?
Semi-compact types are clusters of houses, also called hamlets, not as tightly placed as compact settlements, but showing a clear grouping and boundary. Dispersed settlements are scattered throughout the rural landscape with farmers building homes directly on their farmland.
What is a pattern in a settlement?
Patterns refer to the shape of a settlement, not its density. It's easier to define the compact or semi-compact settlements, as the dispersed settlements are usually too spread out to define a shape. There are many more patterns, but the most common rural settlement patterns are:
What are the factors that make up a dispersed settlement?
Dispersed settlements are the result of many different factors, including the needs of the farm to have permanent attendants, open grasslands, hilly terrains, and relative security that raiders will not attack it. Patterns refer to the shape of a settlement, not its density.
What type of settlements are built around a lake?
We also find this in settlements built all at once. Circular or semi-circular: These types of settlements are often built partway around or completely surrounding a lake or large pond. Circular settlements are also built for defense with a protective wall around the perimeter.
Which settlement has the highest density of population?
Compact settlements have the highest density of population. They have homes stacked together, often touching at the sides or stacked in multi-family buildings. Streets tend to be narrow between the rows of homes. We often find this type of arrangement in highly fertile floodplains.
What is Ruga settlement?
According to the statement, ‘Ruga settlement’ is a provisional rural settlement for migrant pastoral families.
Why is Ruga in the North?
This is one of the reasons: According to the land use act of 1977, all land in a state is the custody of the Governor on behalf of the people. Apart from few areas where the FGN has exclusive jurisdiction over, areas like lands for rail line, seaport, airport etc. In view of this, the Ruga settlement seems more like a land grabbing invasion by the FG, which is instigating curious concerns.
What is the sudden emergence of Ruga?
The sudden emergence of Ruga is stoking a lateral polity that may eventually set gloom precedents. Disorderliness in the presidency is one of them, lack of trust in the government is another, and more dangerously, the tendency of corporations or business associations constituting a menace just to get the government to dance to their tone.
What is Ruga's goal?
The main goal was to foster federal support in implementing the transformation of the livestock sector through the establishment of ranches, improved fodder production, economic investment into associated value chains, and importantly, compensating those affected by the violence for their losses.)
What is a ruga?
The Rural Grazing Area (Ruga) settlement initiative by the Federal Government of Nigeria (FGN) is bringing more chaos than the supposed tranquility. Many Nigerians have taken to social media to register their displeasure over the development with hashtags such as #SayNoToRuga and plan to take to the streets on Friday.
Is cattle rearing a private business?
More to that, the opinion that has strongly opposed the Ruga development is that Cattle Rearing is a private venture just like every other privately owned business that runs in Nigeria. And it’s wrong for the FGN and states to spend taxpayers money funding private business, especially when there is no provision for that in the budget. The funding depends on the volunteered states and FGN. Each of the states is expected to provide N5billion and the FGN will match up the money. So for the 11 states that have volunteered so far (Benue excluded) N55 billion is expected. The more states indicate interest, the more funds the Ruga settlement plan will have.
Is Ruga part of NLTP?
The wobbling table holding the implementation of Ruga got messier when the association of cattle breeders, Miyetti Allah, added voice to the statement of the ministry of agriculture, that “Ruga is part of NLTP,” forcing the vice president to refute the claim, stating that Ruga is never part of NLTP.
