Rural planning aims to bring about economic development, yet maintain the sustainability of renewable resources and reduce income disparities. It has been variously defined, including that it is place-based in focus and pertains to places that are nonurban, small town, and open spaces.
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What are rural settlement patterns?
Finally, rural settlement patterns refer to the shape of a community based on how it arranges houses. There are a number of factors that help determine both the type and pattern of a rural settlement, but they generally fall into two categories:
What is settlement planning?
WHAT IS SETTLEMENT PLANNING? What is Settlement Planning? Settlement Planning is a comprehensive holistic approach to helping plaintiffs and their counsel move through the financial transition resulting from a major life event and prepare for incoming settlements.
What is rural planning?
Rural planning is about developing and protecting physical and human capital and addressing the at times conflicting goals of economic development and resource conservation.
What is a registered settlement planner (RSP)?
The Registered Settlement Planner (RSP) designation is a professional certification awarded by the Registry of Settlement Planners. The designation is awarded to those settlement planners who meet the high standards required of professional settlement planners and agree to abide by the ethical standards adopted by the Registry.
What is meant by a rural settlement?
A rural settlement is where displaced populations settle on land outside of cities and towns. The population is often dependent on agricultural and pastoral practices, and has fewer community infrastructure systems than in urban settlements.
What are the 3 types of settlement patterns?
There are generally three types of settlements: compact, semi-compact, and dispersed.
What is rural settlement in Nigeria?
Rural settlement in Nigeria, which manifests the cultural and historical values of the people, has therefore suffered. With the surge of population from the rural area into the old residential areas of the city, characterised by low incomes and rent, squatting and overcrowding problems were the result.
What are the 5 types of settlements?
There are 5 types of settlement classified according to their pattern, these are, isolated, dispersed, nucleated, and linear.
What are the characteristics of rural settlement?
Size of the Community: The village communities are smaller in area than the urban communities. ... Density of Population: ... The primacy of Agriculture: ... Close Contact with Nature. ... Homogeneity of Population: ... Social Stratification: ... Social Interaction: ... Social Solidarity:
What are 2 main types of settlement?
Settlements can broadly be divided into two types – rural and urban.
What are the main functions of a rural settlement?
Communities living in rural settlement are predominantly involved in primary activities such as farming, lumbering and mining. On the other hand, unban communities are engaged predominantly in secondary and tertiary activities such as construction, food processing, banking research etc.
What is the most important feature of rural settlement?
Explanation: The people living in the rural areas, all over the world, are engaged and dependent on various primary occupations, viz., agriculture, dairying, cattle keeping, fisheries, forestry and mining. Out of these, agriculture is the most important occupation.
Which settlement called rural settlement?
The settlement where the occupation of majority of people relate to the local natural resources are called rural settlement for example, (1) settlement of fisheries along a sea coast, (2) settlement of tribal people in the forest area and (3) settlement of farmers along the banks of rivers.
What is importance of settlement?
The function of a settlement helps to identify the economic and social development of a place and can show its main activity. Most large settlements have more than one function though in the past one function was maybe the most important in defining the success and growth in importance of the settlement.
What are main types of settlement?
The four main types of settlements are urban, rural, compact, and dispersed. Urban settlements are densely populated and are mostly non-agricultural. They are known as cities or metropolises and are the most populated type of settlement.
What are the characteristics of a settlement?
A settlement is a place where people live. Settlements can be as small as a single house in a remote area or as a large as a mega city (a city with over 10 million residents). A settlement may be permanent or temporary. An example of a temporary settlement is a refugee camp.
How many types of settlements are there?
The four main types of settlements are urban, rural, compact, and dispersed. Urban settlements are densely populated and are mostly non-agricultural. They are known as cities or metropolises and are the most populated type of settlement.
What is the most common type of settlement pattern in the world?
Dispersed, linear and nucleated are the most common. A dispersed pattern is where isolated buildings are spread out across an area, usually separated by a few hundred metres with no central focus. It is typically an area containing buildings rather than a single settlement.
What are the different types of human settlements?
Human settlements can broadly be divided into two types – rural and urban. Rural settlements: Rural settlements are most closely and directly related to land. They are dominated by primary activities such as agriculture, animal husbandry, fishing etc. The settlements size is relatively small.
What is meant by settlement pattern?
A settlement pattern refers to the way that buildings and houses are distributed in a rural settlement. Settlement patterns are of interest to geographers, historians, and anthropologists for the insight they offer in how a community has developed over time.
What is rural planning?
Rural planning is about developing and protecting physical and human capital and addressing the at times conflicting goals of economic development and resource conservation. It encompasses both the development of agriculture and natural resources – minerals, forests, fisheries, and scenery – and the conservation of these along with improving the access of rural people to infrastructure, education, housing, and amenities. Rural planning aims to bring about economic development, yet maintain the sustainability of renewable resources and reduce income disparities. It has been variously defined, including that it is place-based in focus and pertains to places that are nonurban, small town, and open spaces. The goals of rural planning post–World War II varied depending on the political ideology of nation states that formed the first, second, and third worlds. Forces of globalization during recent decades have erased many of the international differences in rural planning. The current global challenge of rural planning is to build up and diversify the rural economy, reduce inequity, and exploit the land and natural resources in a way that allows renewal and is sustainable.
What is the challenge of rural planning?
The current global challenge of rural planning is to build up and diversify the rural economy, reduce inequity, and exploit the land and natural resources in a way that allows renewal and is sustainable.
What is the urban-rural system in China?
The current Chinese urban–rural planning system, established after the founding of New China, was created under the planned economy model (hence based on the urban planning experience of the Soviet Union) during the process of national urbanization. After the implementation of the Reform and Opening-up Policy, the urban–rural planning system was further perfected by absorbing the urban planning theories of Western countries at their industrialization stage. Such planning system, which adapted to the development demands of cities and towns at the stage of large-scale industrialization and rapid urbanization, can be considered a typical economic development-oriented city planning system (Wang 2015 ), as well as a growth-oriented planning system ( Wu, 2015 ). In accordance with the connotation of new-type urbanization and under the guidance of new rural and urban planning principles, the transition of the overall framework and the core contents of rural-urban planning must be carried out. In that way, the authorities can better maximize the functions of this system as a powerful weapon with which to regulate and standardize spatial actions, to optimize the utilization of urban and rural spaces, and to resolve the rural and urban crisis ( Wu, 2013 ).
What is the legacy of the cultural turn?
The above developments all broadly build on the political-economy perspective; however, the legacy of the cultural turn is also evident in contemporary rural geography. Most notably, this can be seen in interest in the ‘performativity of rural life and rural experiences’. Studies within this field include, for example, work on neo-peasant lifestyles in France, and on middle-class lifestyles in rural Britain. Research has explored the significance of particular ‘rural’ activities and rituals such as hunting to rural identity and culture, as well as the materiality of rural performances indicated by the centrality of certain objects as props for a rural lifestyle. There is also growing interest in the place of emotion in rural life, including emotional attachments to particular rural places and ways of being, and the construction of rural ‘lifescapes’ through the routine reiteration of activities such as milking cattle described by Ian Convery and colleagues. The performances of visitors to the countryside have also been explored, investigating the embodied experiences of particular rural spaces and how these enable tourists to develop connections with rural places, including work by Paul Cloke and Harvey Perkins in New Zealand. Connections between the body and the performance of rural identities are also being explored in the context of gender and youth identities by geographers such as Jo Little.
What are the studies funded by Relu?
Studies funded under RELU include work on the food chain, flooding, and pollution, as well as the application of sociology of science approaches to analyze the scientific construction of knowledge relating to natural hazards in rural areas.
What is the model of universal public water and sanitation provision prevalent in the North?
The model of universal public water and sanitation provision prevalent in the North is challenged in rapidly expanding third-world mega cities and their urban fringes. For example, only 11% of poor neighbourhoods in Manila and 18% in Dhaka have formal means to dispose of sewage ( Davis, 2004 ). With varying degrees of urban and rural features, the periurban provides planners with significant problems when it comes to basic water and sanitation service provision. The rural–urban dynamics of villages being absorbed into cities have led to increasing competition over water between industry, domestic use, farming, and recreation. People living in urban fringes often do not hold secure tenure, a precondition for conventional WSS service provision. The changing dynamics of the rural–urban interface requires moving beyond the traditional pattern of urban, rural, and regional planning. Ensuring access to water and sanitation in such areas thus needs new thinking around cross-subsidisation models such as connection subsidies for the poorest or free or lifeline tariffs, which provide a minimum amount of water to the poorest ( UNDP, 2006 ). Furthermore, planning and design of water supply services should not just be restricted to considering water as a source for drinking, but extend to it being a source for productivity benefits ( Moriarty et al., 2004 ). Water near the homestead can contribute significantly to improving nutrition and health through, for example, providing water for livestock in rural areas and water for kitchen gardens and poultry-raising in urban areas.
What is rural geography?
The study of rural geography, like the contemporary countryside, is characterized by both continuity and change. The continuity comes from the persistence as significant components of rural geography of traditional areas of study, including agricultural geography, rural resource management, rural planning and rural development. The change comes from the development of new areas of study, the shifting focus of work within traditional concerns, and the adoption of new conceptual perspectives. All of these aspects are evident in the current developments in rural geography outlined below. As in previous eras, these developing areas of inquiry have been stimulated in part by new theoretical influences, and in part by the questions posed by the ongoing restructuring of rural economies, societies, and polities.
What are the different types of settlements?
There are innumerable geometric possibilities relating to local terrain and location (such as road, canal, riverbank, or spring-line settlements), political conditions, or genesis of the settlements: colonial villages often had defensive functions expressed in linear or circular forms (Figure 2 ). The simpler hamlet clusters which characterized settlement in poorer more difficult agricultural environments were often associated with kinship groups, organic growth of settlements over long periods of time, as well as tribal roots of landownership in the early Middle Ages.
How does urbanization affect grassland ecosystems?
3 ). Urbanization causes the establishment of impermeable surfaces, landscape fragmentation, habitat loss and a loss in natural resource pathways and biodiversity ( Van der Walt et al., 2015 ).
How does grazing affect grassland?
Overutilization in terms of grazing combined with the effect of trampling degrades the grassland habitat making it susceptible for invasion by alien plants and woody species encroachment. Thus, incorrect grazing practices and stocking rates combined with drought events can alter the structure, composition and ecosystem functioning of the grassland areas. Moderate to heavy grazing by domestic animals causes a decrease in forb species richness of up to 84% and even leads to the extirpation of certain perennial forbs ( Scott-Shaw and Morris, 2014 ). In areas where land is left fallow it seldom if ever returns to its original vegetation structure. Bredenkamp and Brown (2003) found that natural grasslands in the Highveld region of South Africa that are degraded due to anthropogenic influences become dominated by thatch grasses ( Hyparrhenia spp.). These Hyparrhenia -dominated grasslands tend to be stable for a very long time (up to 50 years or more) and mostly have low species richness and diversity. In the high-altitude sub-alpine grasslands of Lesotho uncontrolled and ill-managed grazing programs have resulted in the degradation of the grasslands as well as its associated peatlands where large-scale erosion occurs. This has negative impacts on the larger and very important water catchment that is regarded as the most important water catchment area of southern Africa ( Du Preez and Brown, 2011 ).
What is clustered rural settlement?
A clustered rural settlement is a rural settlement where a number of families live in close proximity to each other, with fields surrounding the collection of houses and farm buildings. The layout of this type of village reflects historical circumstances, the nature of the land, economic conditions, and local cultural characteristics. ...
What is linear settlement?
Linear Rural Settlements. The linear form is comprised of buildings along a road, river, dike, or seacoast. Excluding the mountainous zones, the agricultural land is extended behind the buildings. The river can supply the people with a water source and the availability to travel and communicate.
What are the main economic activities in the mountain region?
Mining, livestock raising, and agriculture are the main economic activities, the latter characterized by terrace cultivation on the mountain slopes. The sub-mountain regions, with hills and valleys covered by plowed fields, vineyards, orchards, and pastures, typically have this type of settlement.
What is a scattered village?
A scattered dispersed type of rural settlement is generally found in a variety of landforms, such as the foothill, tableland, and upland regions. Yet, the proper scattered village is found at the highest elevations and reflects the rugged terrain and pastoral economic life. The population maintains many traditional features in architecture, dress, and social customs, and the old market centers are still important. Small plots and dwellings are carved out of the forests and on the upland pastures wherever physical conditions permit. Mining, livestock raising, and agriculture are the main economic activities, the latter characterized by terrace cultivation on the mountain slopes. The sub-mountain regions, with hills and valleys covered by plowed fields, vineyards, orchards, and pastures, typically have this type of settlement.
What are the two categories of settlements?
Using as classification criteria the shape, internal structure, and streets texture, settlements can be classified into two broad categories: clustered and dispersed.
Where did the dispersed settlement pattern originate?
In the United States, the dispersed settlement pattern was developed first in the Middle Atlantic colonies as a result of the individual immigrants’ arrivals. As people started to move westward, where land was plentiful, the isolated type of settlements became dominant in the American Midwest.
Where do isolated farms live?
In the United States, the dispersed settlement pattern was developed first in the Middle Atlantic colonies as a result of the individual immigrants’ arrivals. As people started to move westward, where land was plentiful, the isolated type of settlements became dominant in the American Midwest. These farms are located in the large plains and plateaus agricultural areas, but some isolated farms, including hamlets, can also be found in different mountainous areas ( Figures 12.7 and 12.8 ).
What is settlement planning?
Settlement Planning is a comprehensive holistic approach to helping plaintiffs and their counsel move through the financial transition resulting from a major life event. The financial planning decisions that must be made are unique to each person and transition event. This requires experience, patience, empathy, the ability to break down complexity, to educate through a humanistic process. Settlement planning IS NOT just about selling a product.
Why do you need an expert settlement planner?
Employing an expert settlement planner, or recommending to your adversary that they engage a sett lement planner , may help keep things moving along.
What is settlement planning?
Identification of a suitable area: • The process involve different actors who will either be affected direct or indirect like participation of Ward Executive Officers, ‘Mtaa leaders’ and individuals at the grassroots level. • Purpose: to know the boundaries of the identified area and the existing conditions.
What is land use zoning and boundaries?
28. Land use zoning and boundaries establishment The essence of land use zoning and boundaries establishment • To identify areas where particular uses may be encouraged through development programmes, services, financial incentives, etc.; • To identify areas with special needs and problems, as well as areas which require protection or conservation; • To provide a basis for infrastructural development.
How do regulatory frameworks affect the urban poor?
How do regulatory frameworks affect the urban poor? The present impacts of regulatory frameworks on poor people in urban settlement is generally negative and adversely affected their livelihoods for the following reasons: • Regulations generally prevent development that meet the needs and budget of the urban poor. Such as incremental development. • Regulations may also prevent the poor from generating incomes in residential areas. • Standards are rarely related to costs and are often unaffordable to the poor.
What is land suitability?
20. • Land suitability i. Future development should be located on land that is suitable for the development and capable of supporting the proposed uses. ii. Planning for future development on land already zoned for settlement but not yet developed should identify the constraints and opportunities of the land. Development should achieve a carefully planned community, respecting environmental, resource and hazard issues.
What is the purpose of a general planning scheme?
General planning scheme • The purpose of general planning scheme is: To coordinate sustainable development of the area so as to promote health, safety, good order, amenity, convenience and general welfare of such area as well efficiency and economy in the process of such development. To provide physical development of such land. 8.
