Which of the following was an effect of British settlement in Australia?
The most immediate consequence of colonisation was a wave of epidemic diseases including smallpox, measles and influenza, which spread ahead of the frontier and annihilated many First Nations communities.
What was the British settlement in Australia?
The first settlement, at Sydney, consisted of about 850 convicts and their Marine guards and officers, led by Governor Arthur Phillip. They arrived at Botany Bay in the "First Fleet" of 9 transport ships accompanied by 2 small warships, in January, 1788.
What are the two impacts British settlement had on the Australia environment?
Since European settlement in 1788, the way in which people use the land has significantly changed Australia's natural systems and landscapes. Some land management practices place enormous pressures on the land which can result in damage to ecosystems, reductions in biodiversity and degradation of soils and waterways.
What were the impacts of British settlers and convicts coming to Australia?
Uncharacteristically for a British punishment, penal transportation involved mass exile, coerced labour, invasion, dispossession and genocide.
How did the British affect the indigenous peoples of Australia?
The English settlers and their descendants expropriated native land and removed the indigenous people by cutting them from their food resources, and engaged in genocidal massacres.
Why was Australia used as a settlement by the British?
The usual explanation is that with the American colonies revolting in 1776, Britain had been deprived of its outlet for the criminals that were overfilling its goals, and so Australia was chosen as the new location for its overseas prison.
What are the positive impacts of European settlement in Australia?
Yes its good- A bigger and well known country was created. A bigger population meant more people would come it would be a big country for tourists meaning more money for the government, which can go towards charity for the indigenous and Native animals.
How did Australia change after colonisation?
Initial changes with colonisation As settlements expanded and settlers moved out to begin farming, eventually most Aboriginal people were moved off their land. In addition, there were significant impacts from land clearing and hard-hooved animals which altered plant communities and favoured introduced exotic grasses11.
What effects did colonization have on Australia's indigenous population?
The consequences of colonization on Indigenous Australians were devastating. Most scholars have estimated that the Indigenous population before European settlement was between 300,000 and 750,000 people . Between 1788 and 1900 their numbers were reduced by as much as 90 percent.
What happened to the Aboriginal land when the British settled in Australia?
From 1788, Australia was treated by the British as a colony of settlement, not of conquest. Aboriginal land was taken over by British colonists on the premise that the land belonged to no-one ('terra nullius').
How did free settlers change Australia?
First Free Settlers Arrive in Australia These first settlers received free passage, agricultural tools, two years provisions, and free grants of land from the government. In addition they were also provided with convict labour free of charge.
What problems did the first settlers faced in Australia?
The colonists of New South Wales struggled to find fertile land, and the hot, dry climate made farming even more difficult. The seasons were different from Britain's, and most of the plants and animals were unfamiliar. Starvation was a constant concern during the colony's first few years.
What happened to the Aboriginal land when the British settled in Australia?
From 1788, Australia was treated by the British as a colony of settlement, not of conquest. Aboriginal land was taken over by British colonists on the premise that the land belonged to no-one ('terra nullius').
What was Australia called in 1788?
New South WalesAfter the Dutch era Cook first named the land New Wales, but revised it to New South Wales. With the establishment of a settlement at Sydney in 1788, the British solidified its claim to the eastern part of Australia, now officially called New South Wales.
Which ethnic group first settled Australia?
Aboriginal Australians could be the oldest population of humans living outside of Africa, where one theory says they migrated from in boats 70,000 years ago. Australia's first people—known as Aboriginal Australians—have lived on the continent for over 50,000 years.