Full Answer
What was the long-term effect of British colonization in Australia?
Simply put, the long-term effect of British colonization in Australia is the modern day nation of Australia. Its populace, government, and culture are all an outgrowth of the efforts of British colonists. Colonization of the continent of Australia began in 1788 with the establishment of the penal colony in Botany...
When did the British settlement begin in Australia?
British settlement begins in Australia On January 26, 1788, Captain Arthur Phillip guides a fleet of 11 British ships carrying convicts to the colony of New South Wales, effectively founding...
How did the colonisation of the land affect the indigenous people?
Therefore, the Indigenous Peoples were extensively affected by the colonisation of their land. When disease was introduced by the British, a large amount of First Nation Peoples died, critically impacted their population and health.
What impact did the British have on the First Nations?
When disease was introduced by the British, a large amount of First Nation Peoples died, critically impacted their population and health. Then, once their land became occupied by British farms, they had no choice but to rely on the British diet, which again, extensively affected their health and wellbeing.
Which of the following was an effect of British settlement in Australia?
The most immediate consequence of colonisation was a wave of epidemic diseases including smallpox, measles and influenza, which spread ahead of the frontier and annihilated many First Nations communities.
How did the British affect the indigenous peoples of Australia?
British explorers unknowingly exposed Australia's Indigenous people to many varieties of disease, such as smallpox, tuberculosis, influenza, measles, whooping cough and the common cold. In 1789, a year after the First Fleet arrived, a smallpox outbreak killed many of the Indigenous people that lived in the Sydney area.
What was the British settlement in Australia?
The first settlement, at Sydney, consisted of about 850 convicts and their Marine guards and officers, led by Governor Arthur Phillip. They arrived at Botany Bay in the "First Fleet" of 9 transport ships accompanied by 2 small warships, in January, 1788.
What were the impacts of British settlers and convicts coming to Australia?
Uncharacteristically for a British punishment, penal transportation involved mass exile, coerced labour, invasion, dispossession and genocide.
How did the British settlement affect the Aboriginal way of life?
European colonisation had a devastating impact on Aboriginal communities and cultures. Aboriginal people were subjected to a range of injustices, including mass killings or being displaced from their traditional lands and relocated on missions and reserves in the name of protection.
What happened to the Aboriginal land when the British settled in Australia?
From 1788, Australia was treated by the British as a colony of settlement, not of conquest. Aboriginal land was taken over by British colonists on the premise that the land belonged to no-one ('terra nullius').
How did colonial settlement change the environment in Australia?
Since European settlement in 1788, the way in which people use the land has significantly changed Australia's natural systems and landscapes. Some land management practices place enormous pressures on the land which can result in damage to ecosystems, reductions in biodiversity and degradation of soils and waterways.
Why did the British colonize Australia?
The reasons that led the British to invade Australia were simple. The prisons in Britain had become unbearably overcrowded, a situation worsened by the refusal of America to take any more convicts after the American War of Independence in 1783.
Why was Australia chosen for settlement?
Australia's mainland was thus settled because of its proximity to Norfolk Island, the island itself too small to be expected to produce enough grain and meat to feed a large population, its anchorage too cramped to produce a large supply of flax, and its coast too rocky and lacking a safe harbour.
How did convicts impact Australia?
Convicts were a source of labour to build roads, bridges, courthouses, hospitals and other public buildings, or to work on government farms, while educated convicts may have been given jobs such as record-keeping for the government administration. Female convicts, on the other hand, were generally employed as domestic ...
What problems did the first settlers faced in Australia?
The colonists of New South Wales struggled to find fertile land, and the hot, dry climate made farming even more difficult. The seasons were different from Britain's, and most of the plants and animals were unfamiliar. Starvation was a constant concern during the colony's first few years.
How did the Industrial Revolution affect Australia's settlement and development?
Unlike Britain, where dispossessed families moved off the land to work in factories, Australian cities were highly urbanised from the start. Immigrants didn't usually venture out into the bush. Instead they worked in city factories. The mass production of farm machinery saw less need for rural labourers.
How did colonization affect indigenous peoples?
colonialism almost destroying an indigenous population through stripping them of their land, culture and family with no consideration for the repercussions. The aftermath involves unfathomable rates of diabetes, obesity and mental illnesses in indigenous communities, incomparable to the rest of the population.
What did the British do to the First Nations?
Under the Proclamation, Britain attempted to redress the First Nations' grievances by reducing the former boundaries of New France and creating a small province of Quebec straddling the St. Lawrence River. All the remaining territory was closed to European settlers by designating it as “Indian territory”.
What was the relationship between the indigenous and the British?
Indigenous-British Alliances For many Indigenous peoples, an alliance with the British was more attractive than either neutrality or support for the Americans. The British initially promised protection against American encroachment on Indigenous territory and support for Indigenous sovereignty.
What was the long term effect of British colonization in Australia?
Simply put, the long-term effect of British colonization in Australia is the modern day nation of Australia. Its populace, government, and culture are all an outgrowth of the efforts of British colonists. Colonization of the continent of Australia began in 1788 with the establishment of the penal colony in Botany Bay.
How did British colonization affect the Aboriginal people?
By contrast, British colonization devastated the Aboriginal people of Australia. These people had very little technology when the British came. They had no resistance to European diseases. Those diseases, along with violence by the Europeans, decimated their population, killing as many as 90% of the Aboriginal people. The British had no respect for the Aborigines' rights or even their lives. Even after the settlers had taken all of the productive land away from the natives, they continued to treat them poorly. Abuses of Aborigines continued well into the 20th century.
Is Australia a part of the British Commonwealth?
Australia's current government is also a direct result of its English heritage. Since 1901 Australia has been a member of the British Commonwealth. This means that it is self-governing, but has certain allegiances to the English Crown. Its parliamentary government is modeled after the government of the United Kingdom (however without the distinction made by the U.K.'s House of Commons and House of Lords).
What was Australia originally known as?
Australia, once known as New South Wales , was originally planned as a penal colony. In October 1786, the British government appointed Arthur Phillip captain of the HMS Sirius, and commissioned him to establish an agricultural work camp there for British convicts.
Why is Australia Day so controversial?
In recent times, Australia Day has become increasingly controversial as it marks the start of when the continent's Indigenous people were gradually dispossessed of their land as white colonization spread across the continent. Australia, once known as New South Wales, was originally planned as a penal colony.
What did Phillip say before leaving England?
As Phillip said before leaving England: “In a new country there will be no slavery and hence no slaves.”. Though Phillip returned to England in 1792, the colony became prosperous by the turn of the 19th century. Feeling a new sense of patriotism, the men began to rally around January 26 as their founding day.
What was the first day of Australia?
On January 26, 1788 , Captain Arthur Phillip guides a fleet of 11 British ships carrying convicts to the colony of New South Wales, effectively founding Australia. After overcoming a period of hardship, the fledgling colony began to celebrate the anniversary of this date with great fanfare and it eventually became commemorated as Australia Day. In recent times, Australia Day has become increasingly controversial as it marks the start of when the continent's Indigenous people were gradually dispossessed of their land as white colonization spread across the continent.
What was Phillip's difficulty with the fleet?
With little idea of what he could expect from the mysterious and distant land, Phillip had great difficulty assembling the fleet that was to make the journey. His requests for more experienced farmers to assist the penal colony were repeatedly denied, and he was both poorly funded and outfitted.
When did Australia become a national holiday?
In 1818, January 26 became an official holiday, marking the 30th anniversary of British settlement in Australia. As Australia became a sovereign nation, it became the national holiday known as Australia Day.
Who captured Barcelona?
Franco captures Barcelona. During the Spanish Civil War, Barcelona, the Republican capital of Spain, falls to the Nationalist forces of General Francisco Franco. In 1931, King Alfonso XIII approved elections to decide the government of Spain, and voters overwhelmingly chose to abolish the monarchy in favor ...read more.