What happened in 1691-1692?
In 1691-1692, mass hysteria struck the town of Salem, Massachusetts, in the form of an outbreak of alleged witchcraft. True or False. True. The colony of Pennsylvania was one of the most diverse in English North America, with English, German, Scots-Irish, and a variety of smaller national and ethnic groups represented.
Who could inspire every soul?
a. The Holy Spirit could inspire every soul
Why did New Englanders have a shorter life span?
Because of the harsh North American environment , New Englanders had a shorter life. span and raised fewer children to adulthood than people living in the warmer Chesapeake climate. b. Because of better diets and the slow spread of infection, New Englanders had a longer life span and raised more children to adulthood than people in the Chesapeake.
Who is Ashley Cooper's grandfather?
Wimborne St. Giles, his grandfather Ashley’s estate, became his country seat and over the centuries has remained the home of the earls of Shaftesbury. After a year at Exeter College, Oxford, Ashley Cooper entered the Inns of Court in 1638.
Why did the government recruit Scots and French Huguenot settlers for Carolina?
The government came to see efforts to recruit Scots and French Huguenot settlers for Carolina as part of a treasonous plot against the king. Twice Shaftesbury was imprisoned in the Tower of London, but the other proprietors continued to rely on him to manage development in South Carolina.
Where did Shaftesbury live?
Shaftesbury established a plantation and trading post on his twelve-thousand-acre St. Giles Seignory on the Ashley River. As his political fortunes plummeted, he considered moving to Carolina but instead in 1682 went into exile in Amsterdam, where he died on January 21, 1683. Cheves, Langdon, ed. The Shaftesbury Papers. 1897.
Who was the first Earl of Shaftesbury?
Lord Proprietor, first earl of Shaftesbury. Anthony Ashley Cooper was born at Wimborne St. Giles in Dorset, England, on July 22, 1621, the son of Sir John Cooper and Anne Ashley. Both families were of the rising landed gentry.
Was Ashley Cooper a royalist?
Ashley Cooper was initially a royalist during the English Civil Wars but twice changed sides. King Charles II rewarded his role in the 1660 restoration of the monarchy by making him Baron Ashley of Wimborne St. Giles in 1661. That same year he became chancellor of the Exchequer. In 1663 the king granted the joint proprietorship ...
Who was Anthony Ashley's father?
From his maternal grandfather, Sir Anthony Ashley, and his father, Sir John Cooper, Anthony inherited estates in Dorset and Wiltshire, and, although some were lost through litigations during his minority, his inheritance was large enough to enable him to contemplate early a career in politics. On February 25, 1639, he married Margaret, the daughter of Lord Coventry, Charles I’s lord keeper; this marriage ended with her death 10 years later. At only 18, he had been elected to the Short Parliament (April–May) of 1640, but his election to the Long Parliament of the same year was disputed and he was not allowed to take his seat.
What was Charles' strategy for the Exclusion Bill?
His strategy was primarily aimed at securing the passage of the Exclusion Bill, which would keep the Catholic James from the throne, using Charles’s illegitimate son, the duke of Monmouth, a puppet of Shaftesbury, as a possible claimant to the throne.
What was Shaftesbury's interest?
Shaftesbury was a man of intelligence, charm, and wide and usually enlightened interests, including those related to colonization.
Why was the Exclusion Bill rejected?
Although the bill passed in the Commons, it was rejected by the Lords because of the king’s strong opposition. Shaftesbury rode to the next Parliament, at Oxford on March 21, 1681, with an armed following, but Charles dissolved it within a week, leaving him helpless, without a following, and, as the general panic dissolved, without a cause.
When was Shaftesbury acquitted of treason?
He was seized on July 2, 1681, and committed to the Tower of London, but he was acquitted of the trumped-up charge of treason by a London grand jury in November. Shortly before the trial the most famous attack on him, John Dryden’s satire Absalom and Achitophel, appeared. In the absence of another Parliament, Shaftesbury could do little more. After privately discussing the possibility of rising against the government, he fled the country in November 1682 and died in Holland in January 1683.
Who was the Earl of Shaftesbury in 1672?
Office under Charles II. From 1660 to 1673 he held office under Charles II, becoming Baron Ashley in 1661 and earl of Shaftesbury in 1672.
Who was the first person to establish the Ashley Barony?
An important figure in the development of Ashley Barony and colony itself was Dr. Henry Woodward, who first arrived in South Carolina in 1666. He established a network of trading arrangements that laid the groundwork for the Carolina Indian trade. The Carolina Indian trade in skins, furs, and slaves dominated relations with the Southeast Native-Americans for the next century. Woodward was the foremost translator and expert on Native American affairs for the Charles Town colonists in the 1670s. He was the first colonist to make an overland trip to Virginia in 1671. He established the Indian trade with the Westos in 1674 and with the Creeks on the Chattahoochee River in 1685.
Where did the Ashley River start?
That year, the first permanent European settlement in what is now South Carolina was established at Albemarle Point , just north of present-day downtown Charleston. Ashley Barony, the 12,000-acre land grant formally made to Anthony Ashley Cooper in 1675 remains a largely undeveloped area in the northwest corner of the district. From this location and numerous other grants established along the north and south banks of the Ashley River, the first waves of European settlers were able to establish trade with the Native Americans and begin to create, or add to, this cultural landscape.
Where did Lord Ashley trade?
The Lord Ashley site is closely associated with Woodward. He established Lord Ashley‘s personal Indian trade with area tribes in 1674 and he departed for Westo town on the Savannah River in October of 1674 for the Ashley Barony. This is a trip that he chronicled which provides a rare look into 17th-century Native American lifestyle. From Lord Ashley‘s estate he carried on a six-year trade with the Westos until the trade was destroyed by a group of Carolina competitors.
Where was the colonial town of Dorchester?
The most well-known site is the colonial town of Dorchester which is located 15 miles north of Charleston on the north bank of the Ashley River. It was founded by a group of Congregationalists from Massachusetts in 1697 and flourished until the 1750s. This settlement was largely deserted after the American Revolution, and a portion of the town site, including the fort and the ruins of St. George‘s Parish Church, is preserved as Colonial Dorchester State Park. Archaeological investigation of Colonial Dorchester continues to illuminate aspects of early colonial social organization, commerce, and religious practices.
Where did Ashley Cooper see slavery as playing a vital role?
Where Ashley Cooper saw slavery as playing a vital role was in the establishment of the principal estates. In December, 1671, he advised against bringing too many of "the poorer sort" to the colony until "men of estates" could first "stock the country with Negroes, cattle, and other necessarys.".
What did Ashley Cooper believe?
Although Ashley Cooper aided the restoration of Charles II to the throne in 1660, for which service he and the other Lords Proprietors were granted the charter for Carolina, he strongly believed in the English tradition of common law and balanced government (a system sometimes called the " Ancient Constitution " wherein the nobility played an essential role. The Fundamental Constitutions was designed to formalize a " Gothic " system of balanced government in the new province. Although described as feudalism by some authorities, the system was arguably more advanced by virtue of its constitution and emphasis on basic rights and reciprocal benefits among classes. It was nevertheless a pre- Enlightenment system predicated on class hierarchy.
How did the Grand Model influence the South?
The Grand Model influenced the formation of southern, traditionalistic political culture. The model, modified by slaveowners from the Caribbean, created a formal slave society that became a model for the future states of the Deep South. The Grand Model contributed a stable plantation land use pattern and a formal social hierarchy led by nobility. The Barbadian slaveowners added large scale monoculture (sugar cane in Barbados, rice in Carolina) and a more rigid system of government and social control by a slaveowning elite. The blended system in Carolina established a pattern that was followed throughout the eighteenth century, and ultimately proved well-suited to King Cotton.
What were Locke's guiding principles?
Such aspects include, a) consistency of development practices with the general plan (Fundamental Constitutions); b) concurrent provision of infrastructure with land development; and compactness of development to promote efficient use of land and access to markets.
What cities did Locke plan for?
While Locke's plan for Charles Town (Charleston, SC) and other cities of Carolina was only partially implemented, its grid, civic spaces, and wide streets became common features of American city planning, due in large part to the examples of Philadelphia and Savannah (see Oglethorpe Plan ).
What is the Grand Model of Carolina?
Province of Carolina. The Grand Model (or " Grand Modell " as it was spelled at the time) was a utopian plan for the Province of Carolina, founded in 1670. It consisted of a constitution coupled with a settlement and development plan for the colony. The former was titled the Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina.
What was Locke's position with the Lords Proprietors?
Locke's position with the Lords Proprietors might be described as that of "chief planner" for Carolina. He drafted development standards for towns as well as an illustrative plan that he included in his instructions to the colonists.