The Religious Settlement was an effort by Elizabeth I to unite the country. It was intended to resolve the dispute between Catholics and Protestants. As a Protestant, Elizabeth had to tread carefully between both faiths to maintain unity.
Why was the religious settlement of 1559 necessary?
As a Protestant, Elizabeth had to tread carefully between both faiths to maintain unity. Why was the Religious Settlement of 1559 necessary? England was in religious turmoil and there were several problems Elizabeth needed to face when tackling the issue.
When were the religious settlements implemented?
They were implemented in the Act of Uniformity and the Act of Supremacy of 1559. What key changes to religion did the Religious Settlement introduce? There were 4 important changes made by Elizabeth.
What was the religious settlement in England?
historylearningsite.co.uk. The History Learning Site, 17 Mar 2015. 27 Aug 2022. Elizabeth I quickly needed a religious settlement for Tudor England after the years of religious turmoil her subjects had experienced. This came in 1559 and is known as the Religious Settlement.
What was the Elizabethan Religious Settlement Quizlet?
Elizabethan Religious Settlement. Share: The Religious Settlement was an attempt by Elizabeth I to unite the country after the changes in religion under Henry VIII, Edward VI and Mary I. It was designed to settle the divide between Catholics and Protestants and address the differences in services and beliefs.
How successful was the Religious Settlement?
All members of the Church had to take the oath of supremacy under the Act of Supremacy if they were to keep their posts. 8,000 priests and less important clergy did so. There were 10,000 parishes in England at this time so this shows that the religious settlement was largely successful.
What were the responses to the Religious Settlement?
About 250 out of 9,000 priests refused and lost their jobs. Many devout Catholic bishops resigned and therefore did not provide strong opposition. Their positions were filled by loyal supporters. Recusancy fines were not strictly enforced.
Why were Catholics unhappy with the Religious Settlement?
Many Catholics in England were not happy with Elizabeth's Settlement. They had enjoyed religious freedom under Queen Mary, Elizabeth's sister, and they were now being asked to change or deny their beliefs. Many couldn't make this compromise and left to live in exile abroad.
What was the Religious Settlement of 1559?
1559: Queen Elizabeth wished to create a new moderate religious settlement derived from Henry VIII's break from Rome. She established the Church of England in 1559.
How did people react to Elizabeth's Religious Settlement?
Elizabeth's tolerant approach seemed to have worked on the whole, but it did not keep everyone happy and she faced numerous threats. Opposition came not only from Catholics, but also from more extreme Protestants, known as Puritans , who objected to any compromise with Catholic ideas.
What were Elizabeths aims with Religious Settlement?
The Religious Settlement was an attempt by Elizabeth I to unite the country after the changes in religion under Henry VIII, Edward VI and Mary I. It was designed to settle the divide between Catholics and Protestants and address the differences in services and beliefs.
What are two features of the Religious Settlement?
The Elizabethan Religious Settlement was contained in two acts – the Act of Supremacy and the Act of Uniformity.
Were the Puritans a serious threat to the Religious Settlement?
How much of a threat were the Puritans? They raised their points in Parliament , but did not on the whole get involved in plots to overthrow Elizabeth or destabilise the country and were therefore seen as less of a threat than the Catholics.
How did Puritans challenge Elizabeth's Religious Settlement?
Some Puritan clergy started organising prayer meetings known as 'prophesyings' which displeased Elizabeth. In these meetings Puritans took a freer approach to prayer and did not follow what Elizabeth had specified. She was concerned ideas might spread that challenged the Religious Settlement.
What religious changes did Elizabeth make?
Elizabeth's cautious reforms resulted in 'a Church that was Protestant in doctrine, Catholic in appearance'. The queen's precise personal views on religion were difficult to determine.
What was the religious impact of the Reformation in Europe?
The Reformation became the basis for the founding of Protestantism, one of the three major branches of Christianity. The Reformation led to the reformulation of certain basic tenets of Christian belief and resulted in the division of Western Christendom between Roman Catholicism and the new Protestant traditions.
What religion were the first settlers in America?
The earliest colonies of New England were founded between 1620-1638 by separatists and Puritans seeking to establish religious communities in which they could worship freely.
What was the religious persecution in England?
During the 1660s and 1670s a series of penal laws were enacted which persecuted both Catholics and members of the various nonconformist groups. Enforcement of these laws unleashed a period of violent religious disturbance and hatred across England, Scotland and Wales.
Which religious group wanted to purify Christianity Why did they come to America?
Pilgrims and Puritans A Protestant group called the Puritans wanted to purify, or reform, the Anglican Church. The Puritans thought that the bishops and priests had too much power over church members.
What was the Religious Settlement?
The Religious Settlement was an effort by Elizabeth I to unite the country. It was intended to resolve the dispute between Catholics and Protes...
Why was the Religious Settlement of 1559 necessary?
England was in religious turmoil and there were several problems Elizabeth needed to face when tackling the issue....
What differences between Catholics and Protestants caused the Religious Settlement?
Catholicism and Protestantism beliefs differed in many ways: ❖...
How were the changes of the Religious Settlement implemented?
They were implemented in the Act of Uniformity and the Act of Supremacy of 1559.
What key changes to religion did the Religious Settlement introduce?
There were 4 important changes made by Elizabeth. ❖ The...
What was the outcome of the Religious Settlement?
England became a more secular society. Protestantism was the official religion of England, but Catholicism was also accepted, instead of its foll...
What was the reaction of the Catholics to the Religious Settlement?
England had been a Catholic nation under the rule of the previous monarch, Mary I. Catholics were not happy with the Religious Settlement....
What was the reaction of the Puritans to the Religious Settlement?
Puritans were unhappy with the settlement as they believed that Elizabeth should have legislated for a truly radical Puritan church.
What was the purpose of the Religious Settlement?
The Religious Settlement was an effort by Elizabeth I to unite the country. It was intended to resolve the dispute between Catholics and Protestants. As a Protestant, Elizabeth had to tread carefully between both faiths to maintain unity.
Why were the Puritans unhappy with the settlement?
Puritans were unhappy with the settlement as they believed that Elizabeth should have legislated for a truly radical Puritan church.
How did Elizabeth work hard?
Elizabeth worked hard through propaganda to link loyalty to her with loyalty to the Church. ❖ The Act of Supremacy named Elizabeth as supreme governor of the Church of England. All clergy had to swear an oath to her. Only a few refused, and they were sacked. ❖ Priests and the clergy were allowed to marry .
What was the turmoil in England?
England was in religious turmoil and there were several problems Elizabeth needed to face when tackling the issue.
How many changes did Elizabeth make?
There were 4 important changes made by Elizabeth.
What religion did England follow?
England became a more secular society. Protestantism was the official religion of England, but Catholicism was also accepted, instead of its followers being persecuted.
Was England a Catholic country?
England had been a Catholic nation under the rule of the previous monarch, Mary I. Catholics were not happy with the Religious Settlement.
What were the thirty nine articles of 1563?
The Thirty-nine Articles of 1563 CE (made law in 1571 CE) were the final part of the Elizabethan Religious Settlement. Essentially, they covered all the matters not yet set out in previous legislation and aimed to definitively establish what was meant by the English version of Protestantism, otherwise known as Anglicism. This was by no means a simple task as, in these early stages, nobody quite knew what Anglicism precisely was except that it was not Catholicism or extreme Protestantism but somewhere in-between. Article 34, for example, stated the following:
What was the Elizabethan religious settlement?
The Elizabethan Religious Settlement was a collection of laws and decisions concerning religious practices introduced between 1558-63 CE by Elizabeth I of England (r. 1558-1603 CE). The settlement continued the English Reformation which had begun during the reign of her father, Henry VIII of England (r. 1509-1547 CE) whereby the Protestant Church of England split from the Catholic Church led by the Pope in Rome. There was opposition to the moderate features of the Settlement from both radical Catholics and radical Protestants. In addition, the Pope excommunicated Elizabeth for heresy in 1570 CE. Nevertheless, many of the features of the Settlement such as replacing altars with communion tables, using English in services, and banning traditional mass services, remained in place over the following centuries and their effects can still be seen on today's Anglican Church.
What was the Act of Supremacy?
The Act of Supremacy - established Elizabeth as head of the Church of England. The Act of Uniformity - set out the appearance of churches and services, banned mass services. The Royal Injunctions - 57 regulations on Church matters, e.g.: preachers required a license and pilgrimages were banned.
How did the Queen reassert her authority over the Church?
The queen's reassertion of control over religious matters was achieved via the April 1559 CE Act of Supremacy, once more closing the door on the Pope. Elizabeth had taken the decision to arrest any Catholic bishops that did not accept her authority as sovereign over them. Two bishops were sent to the Tower of London as a consequence. This pressure meant that the Act was passed by Parliament but only by the slightest of majorities. The queen had compromised a little on the wording of the Supremacy Act, calling herself the 'Supreme Governor' of the Church instead of the 'Supreme Head', thus making her more acceptable to Protestants who disliked the idea of a woman in that position. The queen was determined to see the act enforced and sent inspectors around the parishes for that purpose. Anyone suspected of not recognising Elizabeth as head of the Church would now find themselves before a new court, the Court of High Commission. Unlike in other Protestant states, the old Catholic structure of the Church below the sovereign was maintained with the bishops organised in a hierarchy. The Archbishop of Canterbury remained at the top, the Archbishop of York was number two, and the monarch appointed the bishops and archbishops. It was a good start but finding the balance between radicals on either side of the religious debate was going to be more difficult than mere wordplay.
What did the Queen compromise on?
The queen had compromised a little on the wording of the Supremacy Act, calling herself the 'Supreme Governor' of the Church instead of the 'Supreme Head', thus making her more acceptable to Protestants who disliked the idea of a woman in that position.
What resulted from Elizabeth's cautious reforms?
Elizabeth's cautious reforms resulted in 'a Church that was Protestant in doctrine, Catholic in appearance'.
What is the Book of Common Prayer?
The Book of Common Prayer - a new moderate blend of earlier prayer books to be used in church services.
What was the name of the religion that was forced out of the Church of England after the Restoration?
After the Restoration in 1660, the Settlement was restored, and the Puritans were forced out of the Church of England. Anglicanism became defined by the via media or middle way between the religious extremes of Catholicism and Protestantism; Arminianism and Calvinism; and high church and low church .
What was the dominant theology within the Church of England?
Throughout the reigns of Elizabeth and James I, Calvinism was the predominant theology within the Church of England. The Settlement failed to end religious disputes. While most of the population gradually conformed to the established church, a minority of recusants remained loyal Roman Catholics.
What were the thirty nine articles of religion?
The Thirty-nine Articles were not intended as a complete statement of the Christian faith but of the position of the Church of England in relation to the Catholic Church and dissident Protestants. In 1571, Convocation finalised the Thirty-nine Articles. It was given statutory force by the Subscription Act, which required all new ministers to affirm their agreement with this confessional statement.
What was the Queen's first goal?
When the Queen's first Parliament opened in January 1559, its chief goal was the difficult task of reaching a religious settlement. Twenty bishops (all Roman Catholics) sat in the House of Lords as Lords Spiritual, and the Lords in general were opposed to change. In February, the House of Commons passed a Reformation Bill that would restore royal supremacy as well as the 1550 Ordinal and a slightly revised 1552 Prayer Book. It was not popular with the clergy, and the Convocation of Canterbury reacted by affirming papal supremacy, transubstantiation and the Mass as a sacrificial offering.
What was the significance of Mary I's half sister becoming Queen?
The veneration of religious images ( icons, roods, statues) and relics were suppressed, and iconoclasm was sanctioned by the government. Mary I, Elizabeth's half-sister, became queen in 1553. She reversed the religious innovations introduced by her father and brother.
What was the Elizabethan settlement?
The Elizabethan Settlement, sometimes called the Revolution of 1559, was an attempt to end this religious turmoil. The Act of Supremacy of 1558 re-established the Church of England's independence from Rome, and Parliament conferred on Elizabeth the title of Supreme Governor of the Church of England. The Act of Uniformity of 1559 re-introduced the ...
How many bishops did Queen Elizabeth need?
Episcopal appointments. To enforce her religious policies, Queen Elizabeth needed bishops willing to cooperate. Seven bishops, including Cardinal Pole, Mary's Archbishop of Canterbury, died in 1558 and needed to be replaced.
Why did Elizabeth I need a religious settlement?
Elizabeth I quickly needed a religious settlement for Tudor England after the years of religious turmoil her subjects had experienced. This came in 1559 and is known as the Religious Settlement. However, just how much it actually settled in religious terms is open to debate as both Puritans and Catholics had become entrenched in their views and position. If religious turmoil continued after the 1559 Settlement it was probably more as a result of their unwillingness to compromise as opposed to the government’s stance – though this was still obviously an issue of contention post-1559.
What problems did Elizabeth face in England?
In England itself, Elizabeth faced problems over religion. The first was when Convocation stated its belief in Papal supremacy and its support for the doctrine of transubstantiation. This was clearly a snub for any form of conciliation towards the Protestants who would have viewed both statements with contempt.
What happened during the Easter Recess of 1559?
The arrest and imprisonment in the Tower of two catholic bishops during the Easter Recess of 1559 may have also ‘persuaded’ some Catholics in the Lords that it was in their best interests to support the new Queen. The Act of Uniformity (1559) just about passed the Lords.
What was the religious settlement in Tudor England?
Many held views that put them firmly into one corner or the other. The 1559 Religious Settlement was an honest attempt to bring as many as was possible into the fold – but it could never have satisfied the wishes of those who were at the religious extremes of society.
What would have been easy for Elizabeth to stir up the capital’s poorer population?
It would have been very easy for them to stir up the capital’s poorer population, especially if they had a scapegoat – the Catholics . Elizabeth tried to control the behaviour of these men but within a very large and densely populated city, this proved to be very difficult.
Why did Protestants return to Europe?
On the death of Mary and the accession of Elizabeth, many hard-line Protestants returned from mainland Europe (where they had fled for their own safety during the reign of Mary) in the full expectation that they were returning to a state where Protestantism was the one and only tolerated religion.
What did Bishop White say at Mary's funeral?
At Mary’s funeral oration, Bishop White stated: “The wolves be coming out of Geneva and have sent their books before, full of pestilent, doctrines.”.
How did Mary I reintroduce Catholicism?
Under her reign, Mary I had reintroduced Catholicism in England. She did this by overturning the Supremacy Acts that Henry VIII had created. When Elizabeth came to the throne in 1558 she worked with the Privy Council to create a religious settlement that would unite the country into one Church. This meant starting with the Supremacy Acts created ...
What was the Act of Supremacy?
This Act made Elizabeth the Supreme Governor of the Church of England and ensured that the Roman Catholic Church had no say over the workings and beliefs of the Church of England.
What was the Act of Uniformity 1559?
This Act reintroduced the Book of Common Prayer and set out what the English Church service should look like as well as setting out how the inside of churches should look. The Act also detailed what priests should wear too.
What was the purpose of the Religious Settlement?
It was designed to settle the divide between Catholics and Protestants and address the differences in services and beliefs.
Why was the Religious Settlement challenged?
However, it was an attempt to solve the religious division that existed within England at the time and was never going to please everyone.
What did the Religious Settlement mean for Protestants and Catholics?
Elizabeth was brought up as a Protestant. Naturally, she wanted to turn the country back to Protestantism after Mary, but she knew she couldn’t push her ideas too much.
What was the problem with Elizabeth I?
When Elizabeth I came to power in 1558 she was faced with a divided England.#N#England was divided between Protestants and Catholics. There was a great deal of religious conflict spreading through mainland Europe as Catholics and Protestants fought to establish their faith as the ‘true’ religion. Elizabeth feared that this conflict may spread to England. #N#Elizabeth was a Protestant herself but she feared an invasion from Catholic countries, such as Spain, if she turned England Protestant. Many Lords in the Parliament were Catholics and many people did not believe Elizabeth had a strong claim to the throne.
Why did Mary impose fines on Catholics?
To make sure Catholics turned up to Church, she imposed fines on people that did not turn up to Church (a total of one shilling). Although this seems harsh, this was much better than what happened under Edward and Mary when heretics were burned alive for not attending Church.
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How long has the Church of England followed Elizabeth's changes?
The success of Elizabeth’s Church can be evidenced by the fact that the Church of England still follows her changes today, almost 500 years later.
Who was the last Tudor monarch?
Elizabeth was the final Tudor monarch. She had a tough job trying to organise the Church after Henry, Edward and Mary had changed the Church drastically. How did her Religious Settlement work? And did it please everyone in England?
Did Mary remove the Pope?
In addition all priests had to swear an allegiance to Elizabeth. Moreover, the English prayer book was restored, and all the Catholic laws that were passed by Mary were removed. It looked as though Elizabeth was about to turn the Church back to a fully Protestant one again.
