Where is New Spain located on the map?
To the west of the continent, New Spain also included the Spanish East Indies (the Philippine Islands, the Mariana Islands, the Caroline Islands, parts of Taiwan, and parts of the Moluccas).
What territories did Spain claim in the Americas?
At its greatest extent, the Spanish crown claimed on the mainland of the Americas much of North America south of Canada, that is: all of present-day Mexico and Central America except Panama; most of present-day United States west of the Mississippi River, plus the Floridas .
Where did the Spanish conquests begin?
New Spain. It covered a huge area that included territories in North America, Central America, Asia and Oceania. It originated after the fall of Mexico-Tenochtitlan, the main event of the Spanish conquest, which did not properly end until much later, as its territory continued to grow to the north.
What is the history of the Spanish colonies?
They were first introduced on a large scale in New Spain, by the Minister of the Indies José de Gálvez, in the 1770s, who originally envisioned that they would replace the viceregal system (viceroyalty) altogether.
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What was the first Spanish settlement in New Spain?
In 1493, during his second voyage, Columbus founded Isabela, the first permanent Spanish settlement in the New World, on Hispaniola.
What were the three types of settlements in New Spain?
The laws provided for three kinds of settlements in New Spain: pueblos, presidios (prih SID ee ohz), and missions.
Who settled in New Spain?
The first viceroy in New Spain was Antonio de Mendoza, who ruled from 1535 to 1549, then served as viceroy of Peru, where he died after one year in office. In New Spain, he dispatched Francisco Coronado on his expedition northward while ameliorating some of the worst abuses of the conquistadores.
What countries were a part of New Spain?
NEW SPAIN, VICEROYALTY OF At its height New Spain included what are today the southwestern United States, all of Mexico, Central America to the Isthmus of Panama, Florida, much of the West Indies (islands in the Caribbean), as well as the Philippines in the Pacific Ocean.
Was New Spain a colony?
Although New Spain was a dependency of Castile, it was a kingdom and not a colony, subject to the presiding monarch on the Iberian Peninsula.
When was New Spain formed?
1521New Spain / Founded
What is New Spain quizlet?
New Spain. One of four Spanish colonies in the new world. It was ruled by a victory from Mexico. Hernan Cortes. A Spanish explorer who defeated the aztec empire and claimed large areas of Mexico for Spain.
What is meant by New Spain?
New Spain. noun. a Spanish viceroyalty of the 16th to 19th centuries, composed of Mexico, Central America north of Panama, the Spanish West Indies, the southwestern US, and the Philippines.
What were the 4 Spanish Viceroyalties?
The Spanish Americas had four viceroyalties:Viceroyalty of New Spain.Viceroyalty of Peru.Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata.Viceroyalty of New Granada.
What are the major areas of New Spain?
By the eighteenth century, the viceroyalty comprised five royal audiencias and over twelve Catholic dioceses. Together, these territories covered a vast area that included present-day Mexico, Central America, Cuba, Santo Domingo, Puerto Rico, Florida, the U.S. Midwest and Southwest, California, and the Philippines.
Where did the English settle in the New World?
Jamestown, VirginiaIn 1607, 104 English men and boys arrived in North America to start a settlement. On May 13 they picked Jamestown, Virginia for their settlement, which was named after their King, James I. The settlement became the first permanent English settlement in North America.
Where did the Spanish settle in Mexico?
Yucatan PeninsulaThe first Spanish settlement was established in February 1519 by Hernán Cortés in the Yucatan Peninsula, accompanied by about 11 ships, 500 men, 13 horses and a small number of cannons.
What were the 3 types of Spanish settlement and what was the purpose of each?
missions – religious communities. presidios – military bases. towns – small villages with farmers and merchants. ranchos – or ranches.
Why did Spain settle in the New World?
Motivations for colonization: Spain's colonization goals were to extract gold and silver from the Americas, to stimulate the Spanish economy and make Spain a more powerful country. Spain also aimed to convert Native Americans to Christianity.
What were the social classes in New Spain?
Terms in this set (4)peninsulares. 1st in social class, wealthy and had roles in government.creoles. 2nd in social class, wealthy and highly educated, could not take part in some jobs.mestizos. 3rd in social class, mixed Spanish and Indian background, worked in minor jobs.Native Americans.
What groups made up the class system in Spanish America?
During most of the colonial era, Spanish American society had a pyramidal structure with a small number of Spaniards at the top, a group of mixedrace people beneath them, and at the bottom a large indigenous population and small number of slaves, usually of African origin.
When was Spain created?
It originated in 1521 after the fall of Tenochtitlan, the main event of the Spanish conquest. Officially created on 18 August 1521 as the Kingdom of New Spain (Spanish: reino ), it later became the first of four viceroyalties Spain created in the Americas.
Who created the map of New Spain?
Girolamo Ruscelli' s 1561 map of New Spain, Nueva Hispania Tabula Nova. Even before the establishment of the viceroyalty of New Spain, conquerors in central Mexico founded new Spanish cities and embarked on further conquests, a pattern that had been established in the Caribbean.
What was the main source of income for Spain in the eighteenth century?
Although mining was difficult and dangerous, the wages were good, which is what drew the indigenous labor. The Viceroyalty of New Spain was the principal source of income for Spain in the eighteenth century, with the revival of mining under the Bourbon Reforms.
What was the revolt of the Tzotzil and Chol?
In the southern area of New Spain, the Tzeltal Maya and other indigenous groups, including the Tzotzil and Chol revolted in 1712. It was a multiethnic revolt sparked by religious issues in several communities. In 1704 viceroy Francisco Fernández de la Cueva suppressed a rebellion of Pima Indians in Nueva Vizcaya .
What was the impact of silver mining on Spain?
Silver mining not only became the engine of the economy of New Spain, but vastly enriched Spain and transformed the global economy. New Spain was the New World terminus of the Philippine trade, making the kingdom a vital link between Spain's New World empire and its Asian empire .
Why was the Catholic Church important to the Spanish government?
Because the Roman Catholic Church had played such an important role in the Reconquista (Christian reconquest) of the Iberian peninsula from the Moors , the Church in essence became another arm of the Spanish government. The Spanish Crown granted it a large role in the administration of the state, and this practice became even more pronounced in the New World, where prelates often assumed the role of government officials. In addition to the Church's explicit political role, the Catholic faith became a central part of Spanish identity after the conquest of last Muslim kingdom in the peninsula, the Emirate of Granada, and the expulsion of all Jews who did not convert to Christianity.
Where was the Spanish Empire located?
The Spanish Empire comprised the territories in the north overseas 'Septentrion', from North America and the Caribbean, to the Philippine, Mariana and Caroline Islands.
Overview
Regions of mainland New Spain
In the colonial period, basic patterns of regional development emerged and strengthened. European settlement and institutional life was built in the Mesoamerican heartland of the Aztec Empire in Central Mexico. The South (Oaxaca, Michoacan, Yucatán, and Central America) was a region of dense indigenous settlement of Mesoamerica, but without exploitable resources of i…
The Crown and the Viceroyalty of New Spain
The Kingdom of New Spain was established on August 18, 1521, following the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire, as a New World kingdom ruled by the Crown of Castile. The initial funds for exploration came from Queen Isabella. Although New Spain was a dependency of Castile, it was a kingdom and not a colony, subject to the presiding monarch on the Iberian Peninsula.
History of New Spain
The history of mainland New Spain spans three hundred years from the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire (1519–1521) to the collapse of Spanish rule in the Mexican War of Independence (1810–1821).
The Caribbean islands and early Spanish explorations around the circum-Caribbean region had not been of major political, strategic, or financial importa…
Economy
During the era of the conquest, in order to pay off the debts incurred by the conquistadors and their companies, the new Spanish governors awarded their men grants of native tribute and labor, known as encomiendas. In New Spain these grants were modeled after the tribute and corvee labor that the Mexica rulers had demanded from native communities. This system came to signify t…
Demographics
Spanish settlers brought to the American continent smallpox, measles, typhoid fever, and other infectious diseases. Most of the Spanish settlers had developed an immunity to these diseases from childhood, but the indigenous peoples lacked the needed antibodies since these diseases were totally alien to the native population at the time. There were at least three separate, major epide…
Culture, art, and architecture
The capital of Viceroyalty of New Spain, Mexico City, was one of the principal centers of European cultural expansion in the Americas. Some of the most important early buildings in New Spain were churches and other religious architecture. Civil architecture included the viceregal palace, now the National Palace, and the Mexico City town council (cabildo), both located on the main square in the capital.
See also
• Criollo people
• Economic history of Mexico
• Filipino immigration to Mexico
• Governor-General of the Philippines