Why are many early settlers situated along coasts? At the time, it was proven that travel by sea was cheaper than by land so shipments of goods became transported through sea voyaging. What special characteristics did viking ships have? Viking ships were about 15 to 30 meters long, made almost entirely of oak, and powered by sails and oars.
Why did people not settle in the Outer Banks?
The Outer Banks, which are barrier islands along the coast, were dangerous to ships and discouraged immigration by sea. Many ships ran aground in the shallow waters near these islands. The Great Dismal Swamp, poor roads, and rivers that were difficult to navigate also made traveling difficult. But settlers did find ways to migrate into the area.
Why are cities usually located on the coast?
Human Settlements on the Coast The ever more popular coasts Historically, cities have been located on coastlines because there are many transport, food and ecological benefits. Products - and therefore money - traditionally flows into countries through their ports.
Who settled in the Middle Coastal Plain?
These settlers included people from the Albemarle, Virginia, Maryland, and New England as well as immigrants from England. Like those who settled in the Albemarle, these people hoped to profit by farming the colony's fertile land and by trading with the Native Americans. French, German, and Swiss people also settled in the middle Coastal Plain.
Why did South Carolina settlers come to North Carolina?
The settlers from South Carolina were fleeing economic depression, high taxes, and political unrest in their colony. Other settlers came from England, Scotland, and Ireland as well as the colonies of Massachusetts, New York, Pennsylvania, and Maryland. Some traveled on a new one-hundred-mile road between the Neuse River and the Cape Fear River.
What was the key event that affected the colony’s development until the time of the Revolution?
The key event that affected the colony’s development until the time of the Revolution was King George II’s takeover of North Carolina from the heirs of the Lords Proprietors in 1729.
Where did the migrations begin in NC?
There were 3 main migrations routes into NC. First was the Kings Highway, which began in Boston, MA and traveled alon the coast dpwm to Charleston, SC. One of thhe stops on the route was Fredericksburg, VA. There were 2 other routes that went further west into NC - the Fall line Road and the Upper Road.
How many people were in North Carolina in 1775?
In 1730, the colony’s population included 30,000 whites and 6,000 blacks, almost all of whom lived along the Coastal Plain; by 1775, the population had grown to 265,000 inhabitants, including 10,000 blacks, and settlement was scattered from the coast to the mountains. By that latter date, North Carolina was the fourth most populous of the thirteen colonies. The population was also among the most diverse with some estimates placing the German population as high as 30 percent.
What happened in 1710?
By 1710, the new sparsely settled province had a capital at Edenton. But the migration caused growing alarm among the Indian populations resulting in a conflict that raged on and off for four years concluding in 1715 with the decimation of the Indians and the opening up of additional land to white settlement.
Where did the Great Wagon Road begin?
As land grew scarce in Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia after 1730, migrants trekked down the Great Wagon road which began near Philadelphia and extended southwestward to the Shenandoah Valley before veering east into the North and South Carolina Piedmont.
What ethnic groups were in the Piedmont?
These newcomers included a variety of ethnic and religious groups, including Quakers, German Lutherans, German Moravians, and Scotch-Irish Presbyterians and Baptists. Settling primarily in the Piedmont, they contrasted with the mostly English and African coastal areas and, in fact, had little contact with those areas.
Links
1. Show students the NG Education interactive map. Display for students the United States on the NG Education interactive map, with the population density layer selected. Make sure students can identify major bodies of water—the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, the Great Lakes, and the Gulf of Mexico on the map.
Informal Assessment
Check students’ drawings to make sure they understand why people live near coasts. If needed, have students explain what their drawings show.
Funder
This activity is made possible by a generous grant from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Marine Sanctuary Program.
Why did people come to the coast?
People came to the coast initially for short stays and then more recently for retirement, with progressively greater impacts. human impacts on coastal environments. Each of the chapters that follow focuses on a specific issue relative to greater human occupancy and use of coastal regions.
What cities were developed along the coast?
As civilization advanced and populations grew, coastal regions became progressively more important, and many of Europe’s large cities developed along or near coastlines as ports and centers of commerce. Athens, Venice, Rome, Lisbon, London, Amsterdam, Copenhagen, and Stockholm come to mind.
How long has sea level stabilized?
Within about a thousand years of sea-level stabilization, however, a transition seems to have taken place, with people beginning to migrate to coastal areas, where communities began to develop with significant increases in population, as well as burials that show the existence of social classes.
What triggered the transition from hunter-gatherer to farmer?
There are many ideas and hypotheses as to what triggered or led to the transition from our hunter-gatherer ancestors to farmers, among them the climate changes that took place when the last ice age ended and the modern Holocene epoch began (usually dated at about 11,700 years chapter 1
What were the benefits of the deltas and alluvial plains?
The deltas and alluvial plains adja- cent to coastlines provided flat, fertile land and water that made agricul- tural production possible, the mild climate made life easier and more comfortable, and the coastal waters provided access to the sea. Over time, trade and commerce would develop.
Why did the coastline change?
The coastline began to change, however, in response to natural proc- esses as well as human activities. The ancient Greeks and Romans were very capable engineers and built ports and harbors, along with their monumental architecture. Today many of these early ports are filled with sediment and are several miles inland from the present shoreline as a result of a thousand or more years of sedimentation. There was also the progressive awareness that living at the edge of the ocean presented significant hazards. Tsunamis have taken large death tolls historically, in Japan, in the Indonesia archipelago, and even on the Mediterranean coastlines. Cyclones, hurricanes, and typhoons have also taken their toll over the years throughout South Asia. Despite these risks, people have continued to be drawn to coastal areas. Cities have grown along with exposure to natural hazards and the impacts of the expanding populations on coastal environments and natural systems.
What was the attraction of the Mediterranean coast?
The attraction of the coast as a vacation or holiday destination exploded after World War II for a number of reasons but built on what had begun fifty or more years earlier. Widespread automobile ownership brought access to the coastline within the reach of most people, regardless of income. Campgrounds and caravan parks replaced farmland and graz- ing land. Vacation resorts multiplied, hotels expanded, and new attrac- tions, such as marinas and golf courses for those who could afford them, were added to draw even more people. Many former sleepy fish- ing villages along the Mediterranean coast of Spain, France, and Italy, if they had beaches, became summer resorts for the sun-craving people of northern Europe. High-rise condominiums and apartments were constructed by the thousands to accommodate these seasonal visitors, which took their toll on the social and cultural fabric of these former towns but also provided new types of employment and increased eco- nomic activity. Oceanfront promenades and boardwalks often replaced hauled-out fishing boats and drying nets. All of this changed the character of coastal towns, although the sun and warm ocean waters continued to draw people: the Costa Brava, Costa Blanca, Costa del Sol, Costa Verde, Costa de la Luz, to name a few in Spain (figure 1.3). Florida is a lot like Spain’s Mediterranean coast, drawing people from New York and New Jersey first to vacation and then, often, to relocate permanently. The beaches in Florida have
Why are cities located on the coast?
Historically, cities have been located on coastlines because there are many transport, food and ecological benefits. Products - and therefore money - traditionally flows into countries through their ports. This has set a precedence for populations to naturally migrate towards coastal areas.
How many people live within 150 km of the coast?
44 % of the world's population (more people than inhabited the entire globe in 1950) live within 150 kilometers of the coast. In 2001 over half the world's population lived within 200km of a coastline.
What is the impact of sewage on coastal waters?
Increasing volumes of waste, particularly sewage, are sluiced out into coastal waters; this can cause eutrophication and endanger public health. Rubbish is often dumped on important habitats, like wetlands and mangroves; they are destroyed, and contaminants leach from the rubbish into coastal waters.
Why are oceans important?
The world's oceans play a crucial role in maintaining the health of the planet's ecosystems and serve as a valuable current and future food source for humankind. The oceans provide the only means of subsistence for many communities around the world, particularly the expanding coastal populations.
How many people are there in the world in 1999?
In 1999 the world population hit six billion people -- nearly tripling in one century. In 2010, the global population surpassed over 6.8 billion and on course to increase to ten billion by 2030. And, in a historic turning point, there are more urban than rural dwellers.
The Albemarle
The Middle Coastal Plain
- In the late 1600s some settlers began crossing the Albemarle Sound to settle in the middle Coastal Plain, which stretches from the Albemarle Sound to present-day Duplin and Onslow Counties. By 1691 they had settled along the Pamlico River in Bath County. More settlers traveled down the coast to settle in present-day Craven County by 1703, Carteret County by 1708, and On…
The Cape Fear
- In the mid-1720s, the first permanent settlers arrived in the area around the lower Cape Fear River. Their arrival was due mainly to the efforts of South Carolina planterMaurice Moore and North Carolina governor George Burrington. Moore had come to North Carolina to help fight the Tuscarora Indians. He became interested in settling in the Cape Fear...
African American Settlement
- African Americans, most of whom were slaves, greatly added to the population of the colony. By the time North Carolina was settled, slavery had developed in Virginia and South Carolina. White Virginians and South Carolinians who immigrated to North Carolina often brought slaves with them. Slaves were also brought from abroad. Available records of slaves imported from 1749 to …
Development and Conflict
- Differences in geography, economic interests, and settlement patterns divided the Coastal Plain and helped make each subregion different. Swamps, rivers, and poor roads made transportation, trade, and contact between them difficult. North Carolina lacked a unifying, common urban center such as Williamsburg in Virginia or Charleston in South Carolina. Few economic ties bound coas…