when was european settlement in australia

What was the impact of European colonization on Australia?

Effect of European Colonization on First Nation Peoples of Australia First Nation Peoples lived on their land peacefully and sustainability for tens of thousands of years. But this once disease-free, culturally-rich and clean nation was disrupted and almost destroyed by the British settlers when they invaded with the First Fleet in 1788.

When did Australia first get discovered by Europeans?

European explorers first reached Australia in 1606. British explorer Captain James Cook sailed to Australia’s eastern coast in 1770. Cook claimed the land for Britain and called it New South Wales. Eighteen years later, the first British settlers arrived.

Who was the first person to settle in Australia?

British explorer Captain James Cook sailed to Australia’s eastern coast in 1770. Cook claimed the land for Britain and called it New South Wales. Eighteen years later, the first British settlers arrived. They crossed the ocean in a fleet of 11 ships.

What is the history of Australia from 1788?

The history of Australia from 1788 to 1850 covers the early colonial period of Australia's history, from the arrival in 1788 of the First Fleet of British ships at Sydney, who established the penal colony, the scientific exploration of the continent and later, the establishment of other Australian colonies.

What was the name of the rebellion in Australia?

The Rum Rebellion was the name given to the Australia rebellion. It was and still is the only successful armed takeover of government in Australia’s history. 20 years to the date, after Lt. Arthur Phillip founded European settlement, Major George Johnston and John Macarthur overthrew the Governor of NSW, William Bligh. The military then ruled Australia until the beginning of 1810 when a new governor was sent out from England.

What was Perth named after?

Perth was originally known as the City of Swan River. The river was named by Dutch explorer William de Vlamingh in 1697 after the famous black swans the lived on the river. In 1829 Governor Stirling released a notice that read “…the first stone will be laid of a new town to be called ‘Perth’, near the entrance of the Swan River.”

What is the name of the land that James Cook claims to be the property of the British Crown?

English captain, James Cook, charts the eastern coast and classifies it as “Terra Nullius” which is Latin for “Land belonging to no one”. He then claims it as property of the British Crown.

Where was the gold rush?

Gold is found at Fish River, NSW, on the 15th of February by assistant surveyor James McBrien. The find is then heightened by more discoveries at Ballarat and surrounding towns, therefore initiating the start of the Victorian Gold Rush. This sudden discovery brought worldwide fame and attraction to country Victoria while at the same time causing an influx of immigrants. Over the next ten years, the Gold Rush saw Victoria’s population triple.

When was Victoria established?

Victoria was established in 1851 after breaking away from New South Wales, the colony it had been part of since the colonisation of Australia by the british. The border was established and based on the Murray River which had already separated a large part of the bottom of NSW from the rest of the colony.

Where did the first fleet of boats arrive?

The first fleet arrives at Botany Bay. A considerable number of Aborigines gather at Point Solander to watch on as the boats arrive. The land is inspected and subsequently deemed unfit for colonisation. The boats are unanchored and continue on.

Who was the first woman to be elected to the Australian government?

Edith Cowan from the electorate district of West Perth was the first woman to be elected into an Australian government. She pushed heavily for the rights of women and children and in the years after her parliamentary campaign served as an Australian Delegate at the 1925 International Conference of Women in New York. Her portrait is featured on the 50 dollar note.

Where were the first settlements in Australia?

Settlements were established in Hobart (Tasmania) in 1803, on the Brisbane River (Queensland) in 1824, on the Swan River (Western Australia) in 1829, on Port Phillip Bay (Victoria) in 1835 and on Gulf St Vincent (South Australia) in 1836. Today, the capital cities of five States are on those sites.

When did the colonies become the Commonwealth of Australia?

Population growth and economic expansion prompted the colonies to call for self-government. On 1 January 1901 the six colonies joined in a federation of States to become the Commonwealth of Australia.

How long ago did the Aboriginal people live?

It is generally thought that Aboriginal people began living on the continent 50,000 to 60,000 years ago, and some authorities believe their occupation may date back 100,000 years. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people totalled 265,378 at the last census, nearly 1.5 per cent of the population. Two thirds of the indigenous people live in towns ...

What was the biggest city in Australia?

The settlement grew to be Sydney, Australia�s biggest city. For many years, the rugged Blue Mountains blocked western expansion of the Sydney settlement but in 1813 the discovery of a passage over the mountains opened the way for inland exploration.

Who was the Dutchman who landed in Tasmania?

In 1642, Dutchman Abel Tasman reached Tasmania, which he named Van Diemen's Land. Other sightings and landings occurred, but it was not until 1770 that the more fertile east coast was sighted by Captain James Cook, of the British Royal Navy. British settlement. On 13 May 1787, a fleet of 11 ships sailed from England.

Where do indigenous people live?

Two thirds of the indigenous people live in towns and cities. Many others live in rural and remote areas, and some still have a broadly traditional way of life. In 1606, Spanish navigator Luis Vaez de Torres sailed through the strait which now bears his name.

When did Australia begin colonizing?

Australia. In Australia: European settlement. …South Wales in 1786, and colonization began early in 1788.

Who was the British flag hoisted at Sydney Cove?

On January 26, 1788, Arthur Phillip, who had sailed into what is now Sydney Cove with a shipload of convicts, hoisted the British flag at the site. In the early 1800s the date, called Foundation Day, was celebrated….

When was Australia founded?

The British Crown Colony of New South Wales started with the establishment of a settlement at Sydney Cove by Captain Arthur Phillip on 26 January 1788. This date later became Australia's national day, Australia Day. These land masses included the current islands of New Zealand, which was administered as part of New South Wales until it became a separate colony in 1841. Van Diemen's Land, now known as Tasmania, was first settled in 1803.

Where did the first Australians come from?

The first European Australians came from United Kingdom and Ireland. Other British settlements followed, at various points around the continent, most of them unsuccessful. In 1824, a penal colony was established near the mouth of the Brisbane River (the basis of the later colony of Queensland).

What were the names of the French expeditions that took place between 1790 and the 1830s?

French expeditions between 1790 and the 1830s, led by D'Entrecasteaux, Baudin, and Furneaux, were recorded by the naturalists Labillardière and Péron.

How did Australian English differ from British English?

Australian English differs from other varieties of English in vocabulary, accent, pronunciation, register, grammar and spelling .

What percentage of people born overseas in 1971?

In 1971 nine out of the top ten birthplace groups were from European countries and accounted for 77.2% of all people born overseas. People from the United Kingdom still form the largest group. However, their number as a proportion of the total overseas-born population has declined, falling from 40.6% (1,046,356) in 1971 to 17.7% (1,078,064) in 2016.

How many European ships were there between 1606 and 1770?

Between 1606 and 1770, an estimated 54 European ships from a range of nations made contact. Many of these were merchant ships from the Dutch East Indies Company and included the ships of Abel Tasman. Tasman charted parts of the north, west and south coasts of Australia which was then known as New Holland.

What was the Australian government's response to World War II?

Following World War II, the Australian government instigated a massive program of European immigration. After narrowly preventing a Japanese invasion and suffering attacks on Australian soil for the first time, it was seen that the country must "populate or perish". Prior to WWII, Australia had viewed itself as largely of British and Irish ancestry but after WWII the success of the United States and the reason for its success, that is largely the creation of a European diaspora, could not be ignored by Australia. Immigration brought traditional migrants from the United Kingdom along with, for the first time, large numbers of southern and central Europeans, as well as Eastern European Australians. A booming Australian economy stood in sharp contrast to war-ravaged Europe, and newly arrived migrants found employment in government-assisted programs such as the Snowy Mountains Scheme. Two million immigrants arrived between 1948 and 1975, many from Robert Menzies ' newly founded Liberal Party of Australia dominated much of the immediate post-war era, defeating the Australian Labor Party government of Ben Chifley in 1949. Menzies oversaw the post-war expansion and became the country's longest-serving leader. Manufacturing industry, previously playing a minor part in an economy dominated by primary production, greatly expanded. Since the 1970s and the abolition of the White Australia policy from Asia and other parts of the world, Australia's demography, culture and image of itself has been radically transformed.

Overview

Colonisation

The decision to establish a colony in Australia was made by Thomas Townshend, 1st Viscount Sydney. This was taken for two reasons: the ending of transportation of criminals to North America following the American Revolution, as well as the need for a base in the Pacific to counter French expansion. Approximately 50,000 convicts are estimated to have been transported to the colonies over 150 years. The First Fleet which established the first colony was an unprecedented project f…

European exploration

Aboriginal resistance and accommodation

Politics and government

Economy and trade

Religion, education, and culture

Representations in literature and film