What is settlement geography?
City of London. Settlement geography is a branch of human geography that investigates the earth's surface's part settled by humans.
What is a human settlement?
According to the United Nations ' Vancouver Declaration on Human Settlements (1976), "human settlements means the totality of the human community – whether city, town or village – with all the social, material, organizational, spiritual and cultural elements that sustain it."
What happened to Rural Settlement geography?
The majority of comprehensive introductions to the field appeared in the 1960s, the peak output years for “conventional” rural settlement geography scholarship. This is hardly surprising, given the late-20th-century paradigm shift in human geography and the resulting decline in the number of such studies.
What is settlement grade 8 geography?
Geography grade 8 term 3 topic (Settlement) explores how land is used in rural and urban areas. Also identifying different natural and constructed features through aerial and oblique photographs. The huge gap that exists between rural and urban settlement is also explored.
Who is the father of settlement geography?
Eratosthenes, the ancient Greek scholar is called the 'father of geography. He was the first one to use the word geography and he also had a small-scale notion of the planet that helped him to determine the circumference of the earth.
What is settlement in geography?
The functions of a settlement are the activities that take place there. Settlements typically have a number of functions but one is often more important than the others. Settlement functions can be grouped into a number of categories, such as residential, recreational, retail, government, entertainment and industrial.
Who defines settlement geography?
With respect to Stone's definition, Jordan (1966) emphasizes that settlement geography not exclusively investigates the distributions, but even more the structures, processes and interactions between settlements and its environment (such as soil, geomorphology, economy or society), which produce them.
What are settlements in history?
Settlements may include hamlets, villages, towns and cities. A settlement may have known historical properties such as the date or era in which it was first settled, or first settled by particular people.
What are the 4 types of settlements?
The four main types of settlements are urban, rural, compact, and dispersed.
What is called settlement?
A settlement is a colony or any small community of people. If a bunch of people build houses on the moon together, they'll have the first lunar settlement. A settlement is also the resolution of something such as a lawsuit. One kind of settlement is a place where people live.
What is the introduction of settlement?
Settlement refers to the cluster of houses over space which manifests the socioeconomic conditions and the environmental constraints. Thus, a settlement has both physical and social structures. It is not only about concrete houses but also about who resides there.
What are the 3 types of settlements?
Settlement Types There are generally three types of settlements: compact, semi-compact, and dispersed. Each is based on its population density.
What is a settlement?
1 : a formal agreement that ends an argument or dispute. 2 : final payment (as of a bill) 3 : the act or fact of establishing colonies the settlement of New England. 4 : a place or region newly settled. 5 : a small village.
What is called settlement?
A settlement is a colony or any small community of people. If a bunch of people build houses on the moon together, they'll have the first lunar settlement. A settlement is also the resolution of something such as a lawsuit. One kind of settlement is a place where people live.
Where is it settlement geography?
Settlement: is a place where people live. A settlement may be as small as a single house in a remote area or as a large as a mega city (a city with over 10 million residents). Site: is the actual location of a settlement on the earth and is composed of the physical characteristics of the landscape specific to the area.
What is the meaning of settlement in geography class 7?
Settlements are places where people build their homes. Settlements can be permanent or temporary. The four major means of transport are roadways, railways, waterways and airways. Communication is the process of conveying messages to others.
What is settlement geography?
The classification of settlement geography as a separate subfield in the discipline has become less clear over time, its foci and objectives increasingly debated even among its own practitioners. At the broadest level, it can be defined as the branch of human geography concerned with the description and analysis of cultural landscapes produced through the human occupation of distinctive regions and locales. From the later decades of the 19th century until the early 1970s, settlement geography occupied a rather well-defined niche within the field and a number of its scholars rose to preeminence in the discipline, much of their attention focused on rural places and the search for historical and social meaning embodied in material culture complexes associated with the settlement of such places. German, French, and British scholarship emphasized the spatial organization and morphology of rural villages and other settlement features such as dwellings, fields, and parcels, including the historical origins and development of these forms and features; Indian settlement geography research during this period addressed similar themes. North American settlement geographers focused much of their effort during this era on describing and delimiting patterns in the rural landscape, emphasizing in-depth analysis of the built environment in order to uncover larger “cultural” processes (such as cultural diffusion) at work in the production of these landscapes. The qualitative revolution of the late 1960s and the postmodern/humanistic “cultural turn” of the 1980s has produced newer generations of geographers who pose different questions about the nature of settlements and their cultural landscapes, especially questions relating to issues of race, gender, and power. This newer scholarship de-emphasizes the rural and the folk and instead focuses much of its attention on the social production of space, especially in urban settings. A dominant theme in such research is the analysis of the morphology and nature of settlements as it relates to issues of planning and the social geography of both rural and urban environments employing newer spatial technologies such as GIS, as well as post-structural methodologies and formulations. Accordingly, studies falling under the umbrella of what might be called settlement geography today engage a wide variety of subject matter and employ a variety of research methodologies; this sets contemporary settlement geography apart from more “traditional” rural settlement geographies that dominate so much of the subfield’s earlier literature. Given this traditional-contemporary dichotomy and the breadth of the field, especially since the “cultural turn,” this bibliography focuses primarily on the themes (historical, cultural, and rural) with which “traditional” settlement geography was concerned and the expansive literature associated with this period.
What is Stone's critique of the core foci and goals with which settlement geography ought to be concerned?
27), centered on the empirical analysis of the built environment, distinguishes settlement geography from other branches of the discipline.
Who wrote the appraisal of settlement geography with reference to India?
Sharma, R. C. “An Appraisal of Settlement Geography with Reference to India.” Professional Geographer 21.3 (1969): 158–162.
Who wrote the development of a focus for the geography of settlement?
Stone, Kirk H. “The Development of a Focus for the Geography of Settlement.” Economic Geography 41.4 (1965): 346–355.
Summary
The life of Iran is dominated above all by the disparity between the nomadic peoples and those who are settled—between the shifting habitat of the former and the permanent homes of the latter.
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Where did the Paleo-Arctic settlers live?
Beginning about 7000 bc, sites with blades and microblades appear in the eastern Aleutian Islands. Although food remains are lacking in these sites, it is clear that the occupants lived on ocean resources, as there are no other resources present in any significant quantity. Notably, all of these Paleo-Arctic-related appearances on the coast (of both islands and mainland) occur south of the regions in which coastlines freeze fast during the winter.
Where did the first people live in the Arctic?
The earliest residents of the American Arctic are known from this area of ice-free Alaska and northwest Canada; they arrived as early as perhaps 12,000 bc and can be referred to as members of the Paleo-Arctic cultural tradition. They made cutting implements in a style common to northeast Asia that was characterized by slender flakes struck from specially prepared stone cores—flakes referred to by archaeologists as “blades,” many of them small (less than 5 cm [2 in] in length) and classed as “microblades.” Some of these blades were apparently set into the edges of bone or antler batons, thus forming knives or projectile heads. With the latter, the Paleo-Arctic people hunted terrestrial animals; caribou appear to have been their preferred food, although they also hunted elk, forms of bison now extinct (e.g., Bison antiquus ), and perhaps mammoths. Blade and microblade tools had appeared earlier on the Asian side of the North Pacific, notably in Siberia and in portions of the Japanese islands; evidence from those regions also suggests a reliance on terrestrial, rather than coastal, resources.
When did the Aleutians start using stone?
Up to about 4000 bc this tradition was common to the residents of the Kodiak region and the Aleutian Islands; shortly thereafter, however, these two groups began to develop in different directions. People in the Aleutians carried aspects of Ocean Bay technology with them as they moved farther and farther west through the chain of islands, arriving at the most distant islands, Agattu and Attu, not later than about 600 bc. On the Pacific coast around Kodiak, on the other hand, the people began to fashion stone artifacts by grinding, a technology that persisted throughout later millennia and was markedly different from that used in the Aleutians.
Where did the sea open in the winter?
By 5000 bc, changes are also seen at sites along parts of the northernmost Pacific coast, including the eastern Aleutians, where the sea remains open in winter. These sites are characterized by new kinds of artifacts, notably large stone projectile points, stone basins for burning sea-mammal oil, and harpoon heads of bone.
Where was the ice age in North America?
In northernmost North America, only mainland Alaska and a small northwestern corner of Canada remained largely unglaciated during the latest ice age of the Pleistocene (about 2,600,000 to 11,700 years ago); these areas were joined to northeastern Asia—also largely without ice—across land exposed by low sea levels at what is now the Bering Strait.
What factors were taken into account when establishing settlements in the past?
Factors such as water supply, defence, quality of soil, building materials, climate, shelter and defence were all taken into consideration when establishing settlements in the past. The situation of a settlement is the description of the settlement in relation to physical features around it and other settlements.
What is a settlement?
A settlement is a place where people live. It can range in size from an isolated dwelling to a million city. The site of a settlement is the location where it is built. It describes the physical nature of where a settlement is located. Factors such as water supply, defence, quality of soil, building materials, climate, ...
Is London a good city?
In the UK, London is an example of a city with an excellent situation. It is located on the River Thames, with excellent links by road and air. The importance of a settlement can increase and decrease as they fulfil different functions. The situation of a settlement significantly influences which of these will happen.
What is oblique photography?
31. OBLIQUE PHOTOGRAPHS pg. 62 Show a view from above at an angle (not parallel to the ground). Are easier to interpet/read as they show objects more like the way we see them. There are two types, high angle oblique (see the horizon) and low angle oblique (cannot see the horizon).
What is geography grade 8 term 3?
Geography grade 8 term 3 topic (Settlement) explores how land is used in rural and urban areas. Also identifying different natural and constructed features through aerial and oblique photographs. The huge gap that exists between rural and urban settlement is also explored. Google Earth/Pro can be used for virtual reality tours of the latter areas in the classroom. Happy learning !
What is a veritcal photo?
30. VERITCAL PHOTOGRAPHS The camera is attached under the aeroplane and remains level and parallel with the ground. They show a view of the land similar to a map view. More useful to mapmakers (They show the map view).
What does pg58 mean in the forest?
26. 2.3 FORESTRY SETTLEMENT (pg58) Where wood is planted. Some settlements develop close to forests. People may find jobs in saw mills, pulp and paper mills or just from cutting trees. In Gabon the government controls the forests, and the people are only given 5km strips to cut down trees an to sell.
What is the main activity of farming?
21. 2.1 FARMING SETTLEMENT (pg58) Main activity is producing food. When people grow food for themselves and their families is called subsistence farming. Commercial farming produces food to sell, they operate like factories. Commercial farms are large areas, hire many people and produce large quantities of food.
What is a central business district?
7. 1. CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT (CBD) In the middle of an urban area. There are many shops, offices and government buildings.
What is land use in urban setting?
4. LAND USE WITHIN URBAN SETTLEMENT (p.g55) Largest part is used for houses where people live. Other parts are for businesses, shops, parks, stadiums and transport centres (train/bus stations). Businesses and shops are in the centre of the city or town (CBD).
What is settlement in a city?
What is a settlement? A settlement is a place where people live. Settlements can be as small as a single house in a remote area or as a large as a mega city (a city with over 10 million residents). A settlement may be permanent or temporary.
Is a temporary settlement permanent?
A settlement may be permanent or temporary. An example of a temporary settlement is a refugee camp. However, a temporary settlement may become permanent over time. This has happened to many refugee camps that have been built in conflict zones.
